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(Double points)
(Double points)
100
Which amino acid would be transferred to the position of codon CAC? 
What is histidine?
100
True or False:
mRNA is double stranded
What is a false? or What is a false statement?
100
mRNA is read in this direction
What is 5' to 3'?
100
Nucleotide substitution mutation that codes for same amino acid
What is a silent mutation?
***Often the silent mutation is in the third position of the codon***
100
True or False.
Transcription must occur before translation may occur.
What is a true statement?
200
This mRNA start codon in eukaryotes
What is AUG?
**Memory tool inAUGurates protein synthesis**
200
Carry ribosomes to the site of protein synthesis
What is tRNA?
200
What is translation
200
This substitution mutation can result in an amino acid...glutamic acid (GAG) to valine (GTG) which is found in sickle cell disease
What is a missense mutation?
***Also known as a type of point mutation***
200
Which amino acid would be transferred to the position of codon UGG? 
What is tryptophan?
***Tryptophan is an essential amino acid found in melatonin. Melatonin a hormone that induces sleep and it is also found in TURKEY!!***
300
A term of three bases on mRNA that specify one amino acid
What is a codon
300
Amino acids are held together by __?__ bonds.
What are peptide bonds?
300
Before hnRNA leaves the nucleus and becomes mRNA, this section of DNA is sliced out
What are introns?
Memory Tool: INtrons stay IN, EXons... EXit and are EXpressed
300
In frameshift mutation can either be __?__ or __?__ and is not divisible by 3, resulting in a shorter or longer protein
What is deletion or insertion?
300
True or False.
Some codons specify the same amino acid
What is a True statement?
400
If a portion of a messenger RNA molecule contains the base sequence A-A-U, the corresponding transfer RNA base sequence is
What is U-U-A
400
Identify the labeled structures (B) on the following diagram of translation
What is an amino acid?
400
Normal base pairing can occur between nitrogen bases in positions 1 and 2 of the codon and the corresponding bases (3 and 2) in the anticodon
What is the wobble hypothesis?
400
This mutation is due to a misfolded sodium channel protein that is retained in the rough ER and not transported to the cell membrane.
What is Cystic Fibrosis?
***Patients get recurrent pulmonary infections due to abnormal thickening mucus secretions in the lung which trap in damaging bacteria (S. Aureus and P. Aeruginosa) scaring lung tissue.***
400
A change in one nucleotide to another is known as an ___?___.
What is a point mutation?
500
The stop codons are
What is UGA, UAA, UAG?
**Memory tool** U Go Away, U Are Away, U Are Gone
500
What is #3 in this process
What is translation?
500
A triplet of nucleotide bases in transfer RNA identifies the amino acid carried and binds to a complementary codon in messenger RNA during protein synthesis on a ribosome.
What is an Anticodon?
**Break it down**
"Anti-" prefix -->opposite, opposing, and contrary
500
What is the chromosomal condition of the individual whose karyotype is seen in the image? 
What is Trisomy 21?
500
Why do mutations at the splice site result in rare cancers, dementia, epilepsy, and some types of beta-thalassemias?
What is an impaired or altered protein?