Transcription
Translation
Protein Synthesis
Enzymes
Factors affecting reaction rate
100
It is the process of creating a complementary RNA sequence of DNA.
What is Transcription?
100
Translation occurs specifically in what part of the cell?
What is a ribosome?
100
This type of protein makes up bones, teeth, cartilage, tendons, ligament, and blood vessel.
What is collagen?
100
The role of an enzyme.
What is an enzymes role is to speed up a reaction. This is an example of a biological catalyst.
100
How can you increase the reaction rate in this graph?
What is, you need to add more enzymes to allow for more of them to bind to the increased concentration of substrates. This will lead to an increase in the reaction rate.
200
This location in the cell is where transcription takes place.
What is the Nucleus?
200
It is the process of taking a mRNA sequence and creating a protein
What is translation?
200
These type of proteins are used forming nails, hair, horns and feathers
What is keratin?
200
What is lock and key model?
200
Our bodies normal temperature is 37oC. What would happen to the enzyme if our body temperature increased up to 60oC?
What is, the enzymes will most likely denature and cause a decrease in the reaction rate.
300
In transcription, this enzyme is responsible for building the mRNA strand?
What is RNA polymerase?
300
Translation requires three types of RNAs.
What are, messenger RNA, transfer RNA, and ribosomal RNA
300
In RNA, uracil (U) pairs with.
What is adenine?
300
Enzymes are made up of two parts.
What are co-enzymes and apoenzymes?
300
If an enzymes optimum pH is 7, what would occur to the enzyme if the pH was lowered to 1 (be specific).
What is, the positive hydrogen ion will interact with the negative R group in the amino acids. This will denature the protein by changing its shape. Therefore decreasing the reaction rate.
400
The role of mRNA in protein synthesis
What is carry info from genes to ribosomes?
400
The complementary anticodon to the codon AUG
What is UAC?
400
The tRNA function is to.
What is bring amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosomes?
400
Enzymes affect the reaction rate by.
What is, lowering the activation energy to allow for a faster reaction rate.
400
This graph explains.
What is that with the presence of a competitive inhibitor, it will compete with the substrate to bind to the enzymes active site. As the substrate concentration increases, it will outcompete the competitive inhibitor leading to it reaching the same reaction rate as the red curve.
500
The RNA polymerase will bind to a certain sequence. What is this codon sequence?
What is Methionine (Start codon)
500
There are three steps required in translation.
What are, initiation, elongation and termination
500
Proteins have 2 main functions
What are structural - help to make up all structures in living things and functional - help to keep our bodies functioning properly and to digest our food
500
The difference between anabolism and catabolism is?
What is, anabolism is putting small molecules together to make bigger ones and catabolism is breaking bigger molecules into smaller ones?
500
Explain this graph.
What is, this graph shows how the presence of a non-competitive inhibitor prevents the enzymes from ever reaching a maximum reaction rate. In this case, the non-competitive inhibitor binds to the allosteric site, denaturing the enzymes and preventing them from allowing the substrates to bind to them. Therefore it does not matter if you increase the concentration of substrate because it will not be competing with the non-competitive inhibitor.