a substance produced by a living organism that acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemical reaction
100
TAC -> AUG -> Methionine
TAG -> AUC-> Isoleucine
What type of mutation is this called?
This mutation is called Missense
100
List all the ways you can make "Arginine".
CGG AGA
CGA AGG
CGC
CGU
200
The Codons "AUG" stand for Methionine, but can also be known as what?
Methionine also stands for "Start"
200
What is the term that goes with this definition, "an Extra Base That is Added or Inserted?"
Insertion
200
"An enzyme that produces primary transcript RNA," stands for what?
RNA Polymerase
200
Original DNA Sequence: TAC ACC TTG GCG ACG ACT
Mutated DNA Sequence: TAC ACG TTG GCG ACG ACT
What is the change?
Will there likely be effects?
What kind of mutation is it?
1: "G" is the change
2: There will be no effects
3: It is a silent mutation
200
List all the ways you can make "Serine".
AGC UCA
AGU UCG
UCU
UCC
300
What Is The Purpose Of A Codon wheel?
To translate DNA codons into amino acids
300
What does Mutation stand for?
Any Change In The Nucleotide Sequence of DNA
300
what is rRNA?
is the RNA component of the ribosome, and is essential for protein synthesis in all living organisms
300
Original DNA Sequence: TAC ACC TTG GCG ACG ACT
Mutated DNA Sequence: TAC GAC CTT GGC GAC GACT
mRNA Sequence: AUG CUG GAA CCG CUG CUG
Will there likely be effects?
What type of mutation is above?
What is the change?
1: Yes there will be effects
2: It is a frameshift mutation
3: "G" is the change
300
The Codons below stand for which Amino Acid?
CUU UUA
CUC UUG
CUA
CUG
They stand for "Leucine"
400
How Many Amino Acids Are On A Codon Wheel?
There is 25 Amino Acids
400
If a substitution changes the amino acid to a "stop," it's called a what?
It is called a NONSENSE mutation.
400
What is the function of mRNA?
is the type of RNA that encodes proteins and is translated by the ribosome into proteins
400
What 2 out of the 3 code for the same protein?
#1: AUG UUA GCA ACG AGA UCA
#2: UCG CUA GCG ACC AGU UCA
#3: AGC CUC GCC ACU CGU AGU
#1 & #3
400
What Amino Acid has only one codon? And what are those codons?
Methionine has only one codon and they are AUG
500
Using your codon wheel, name 6 ways you can make Leucine.
UUA
UUG
CUU
CUC
CUA
CUG
500
What does Substitution Stand for?
A Single Nitrogenous base is replaced by a different one
500
What is the function of tRNA?
They carry an amino acid on one end, deliver it to the ribosome, and use an “anticodon” on the other end to ensure they deliver the correct amino acid for the particular codon
500
Original DNA Sequence: TAC ACC TTG GCG ACG ACT
Mutated DNA Sequence: TAC ATC TTG GCG ACG ACT
mRNA Sequence: AUG UAG AAC CGC UGC UGA
What is the change?
Will there be any effects?
What type of mutation is it?
1: Change is "T"
2: Yes there will effects
3: It is a Nonsense mutation
500
The Amino Acid "Proline" has how many codon? List them.