Protein Synthesis 1
What is at least one difference between DNA and RNA?
DNA is a double strand, RNA is a single strand.
DNA has thymine, RNA has Uracil
DNA has deoxyribose, RNA has ribose
DNA has one type, RNA has three types
Where does transcription take place?
In the nucleus
Where does translation occur?
the cytoplasm (on a ribosome)
What are the two steps of protein synthesis called? (in order)
Transcription and Translation
A codon is a sequence of how many bases?
3 bases
What are 3 types of RNA?
mRNA, tRNA and rRNA
The process of transcription creates what?
mRNA
Transfer RNA
Where does mRNA go after the nucleus to become attached to a tRNA
Ribosome/rRNA
Which comes first in the sequence of protein synthesis- mRNA attachment or DNA unzipping?
DNA unzipping
What sugars do DNA and RNA have?
DNA has deoxyribose sugar and RNA has ribose sugar.
What are the parts of DNA called that the mRNA attaches to in order to code for proteins that show our phenotype traits?
(hint: think back to our last topic on pedigrees and punnett squares)
Genes
What is located at either end of the tRNA molecule? (2 things)
Anticodon and amino acid
What's the mRNA codon that codes for Met
AUG
What is the difference between an amino acid and an mRNA codon
mRNA codons are three letter base pairs coding for amino acids that are the building blocks of proteins
Look at your codon wheel or Codon Table- There are 3 STOP codons, what are they?
UGA, UAA, and UAG
Using a mRNA codon wheel what amino acid does UCA code for?
Ser
Where must an mRNA attach before a protein can be made?
mRNA must attach itself to a ribosome
Using a codon wheel what amino acid is UUG?
Leucine
What would be the mRNA strand to this DNA strand:
A-T-G-G-C-C-T-G-G-A-C-T-T-C-A
U-A-C-C-G-G-A-C-C-U-G-A-A-G-U
Any change in a DNA sequence that may or may not alter the trait of an individual...
(think back to the Evolution unit)
A mutation
What mRNA bases would pair with this DNA strand (G-G-A-T-C-G-C-C-T-T-A-G-A-A-T)?
C-C-U-A-G-C-G-G-A-A-U-C-U-U-A
Which amino acids would be created from this mRNA strand A-U-G-G-C-C-U-G-G-A-C-U-U-C-A
(abbreviated amino acids)
Met- Ala- Trp- Thr- Ser
What tRNA anticodons would pair with this mRNA sequence: U-A-G-C-U-A-U-C-A-A-A-U
A-U-C-G-A-U-A-G-U-U-U-A
What would the amino acids be in this strand of mRNA
AUG GCC UGG ACU UCA
Met, Ala, Trp, Thr, Ser