This type of RNA takes the message from the DNA to the ribosomes.
What is messenger RNA.
100
The enzyme used to make RNA from DNA.
What is RNA polymerase.
100
Name of the start codon.
What is AUG - methionine.
100
The part of a gene where a repressor can attach to turn the gene "off".
What is the operon.
100
A GENE mutation that changes one single nucleotide to a different nucleotide.
What is a point mutation.
200
This type of RNA transfers amino acids to the ribosome to build the protein.
What is transfer RNA.
200
Where does transcription occur?
What is in the nucleus.
200
The three stop codons.
What are UAA, UAG, UGA - do not code for amino acids!
200
Controls the transcription of 3 enzymes needed to metabolize lactose in an E. coli bacteria.
What is the lac operon.
200
A GENE mutation that inserts or deletes one nucleotide.
What is a frameshift mutation.
300
This type of RNA joins with proteins to form a ribosome.
What is ribosomal RNA.
300
What type of RNA is produced during transcription?
What is mRNA (messenger RNA).
300
3 bases on tRNA that match an mRNA codon.
What is an anti-codon.
300
"Jumping genes" that can move between chromosomes in eukaryotic cells to shut down other genes.
What are transposons.
300
The four types of CHROMOSOMAL mutations.
What are deletion, duplication, inversion, translocation.
400
Where RNA is modified.
What is in the nucleus.
400
Where does the DNA unzip, and allow RNA polymerase to bind? (the beginning of a gene).
What is the promoter region.
400
The three sites of a ribosome.
What are A (amino acid enters the ribosome) P (polypeptide gets longer) and E (tRNA exits).
400
A position that prevents chromatin from being transcribed.
What is being tightly coiled.
400
A chemical that increases the likelihood of a genetic mutation.
What is a mutagen.
500
The central dogma of Biology.
What is DNA (transcription) RNA (translation) polypeptide/protein
500
Two ways mRNA must be modified before leaving the nucleus.
What is splicing (removal of introns) and addition of a poly-A tail (lots of adenine).
500
The three steps of translation.
What are initiation (tRNA attaches to start codon), elongation (amino acids added to polypeptide chain), and termination (finished polypeptide is released at stop codon).
500
Placed at the ends of mRNA to prevent it from breaking down.