The Basics
this is the process of using DNA instructions to make a protein
what is protein synthesis?
Transcription can be defined as this
What is converting DNA information to mRNA
Translation can be defined as this
what is converting mRNA to protein
These are the monomers of proteins
what are amino acids
Mutations can best be described as this
what is a change in the DNA sequence
This type of RNA carries the DNA message to the ribosome
What is mRNA?
Transcription takes place here
what is the nucleus
Translation takes place here
A protein's primary structure can be described as this
what is the order of amino acids
UV light is an example of this type of substance that can cause genetic mutations
what is a mutagen
The genetic code is read in this many bases at a time
What is 3
this enzyme is responsible for building the new mRNA strand
what is RNA polymerase
This molecule brings amino acids to the ribosome to build the polypeptide chains
what is tRNA
All 20 amino acids are the same with the exception of this groups which gives each amino acids is unique characteristics
what is the R group
This type of mutation changes one base to another
what is a point mutation
This DNA sequence transcribed into RNA is UCGA
what is AGCT
This is the location where RNA polymerase binds to start transcription.
what is the promoter
These three bases on mRNA code for a particular amino acid
what is a codon
Multiple polypeptide chains put together make up this level of protein structure
what is quaternary structure
This type of mutation happens when a new base is added or deleted from a DNA sequence
what is a frameshift mutation
This is a segment of DNA that gives instructions for building a protein.
What is a gene?
These segments are pieced together during RNA processing to make the final mRNA sequence
What are exons
These three bases on tRNA are complementary to the mRNA codon
what is the anticodon
This determines the order of amino acids in your proteins and therefore their structure and function
what is the order of the DNA bases
The mutation that causes sickle cell anemia results from a single base change in the DNA which changes the amino acid from glutamic acid to valine which results in this effect on the protein
what is a missense mutation