Protein Synthesis #1
What is protein synthesis?
The process of making proteins in the ribosome
What are the 2 steps of protein synthesis?
Transcription and Translation
How do we remember the order of the taxonomic groups from most Inclusive to least Exclusive?
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What is evolution?
Change over time
What is the best piece of evidence for evolution?
Fossils
What happens during transcription?
The DNA is used to make mRNA (instructions to build a protein)
What happens during translation?
mRNA is used to create proteins in the ribosome
The study of how things are grouped and classified
Where do you find older fossils when it comes to the fossil record?
You find older fossils towards the bottom of the fossil record.
Does evolution occur when an individual changes or when a population changes?
Population
Translate the following DNA sequence into mRNA:
TAC GGA ATA
AUG CCU UAU
Transcribe the following DNA sequence:
ATC GGC TAG
TAG CCG ATC
What 2 taxonomic groups do we use to create a scientific name?
Genus and Species (Genus always capitalized)
What are adaptations?
Inherited trait that helps an organism survive in its environment.
What is natural selection?
Process by which individuals better suited for their environment survive and reproduce more.
In mRNA, what do we call every set of 3 nucleotides?
Codons
What are the 3 parts of a nucleotide?
Sugar, Phosphate and Nitrogen base
What is a dichotomous key used for?
It is used to separate and identify organisms, based on their traits, by using yes or no questions.
What is the difference between gene flow and genetic drift?
Gene flow: flow of genes from one location to another, causing change.
Genetic drift: isolation of a group, causing change.
What is a mutation?
A change in the DNA
What is a phylogenetic tree/cladogram?
A diagram used to see evolutionary relationships between organisms
Explain what evolution is and how it occurs.
A slow change over time in a population that occurs through mutations, natural selection, gene flow or genetic drift.