What are proteins?
These are the building blocks of proteins
What are amino acids
The process of combining two incomplete proteins to make a complete protein is called
What is mutual supplementation
These types of protein are substances that act as chemical messengers in the body
What are hormones
After amino acids are absorbed in the small intestine they are transported by the blood stream directly to the
What is the liver
High protein intake is associated with
high cholesterol and heart disease
What element makes protein different from carbohydrate and fat?
What is nitrogen
Protein synthesis can be limited by______________
What are limiting amino acids
________ are chemicals that help to speed up chemical process but are not apparently changed during those processes.
What are enzymes
in the small intestine this group of enzymes from the pancreas beak down polypeptides intosmaller molecules
what are proteases
Vegetarians who consume no animal products should be sure to consume supplements or foods fortified with
What are vitamins B12 and D and riboflavin, iron, calcium, and zinc.
This is the "string" that bonds the amino acid "beads"
what are peptide bond
The number of essential amino acids
what is 9
The severe protein deficiency seen in toddlers when they are weaned from breast milk and fed a low-protein diet is called
What is kwashiorkor
Chemical digestion of proteins begins in the
what is the stomach
The recommended protein intake for most adults is how many grams (per kilogram of bodyweight) per day
what is 0.8
This gives each amino acid its distinct properties
what is the side chain
The number of amino acids that make proteins.
What is 20
When protein intake is deficient, it can cause fluid imbalance which can lead to
What is edema (swelling)
This is the waste product that forms when nitrogen is removed from the amine group during amino acid breakdown
What is urea
Protein needs are higher for some groups, such as:
Who are children, adolescents, pregnant or lactating women, vegetarians, and athletes.
The amino acids that our body produces are know as:
What are non-essential amio acids
Name a source of complete protein
soy, meat , dairy, eggs
Proteins are excellent buffers so they help maintain a constant blood
pH
Hydrochloric acid in the stomach does this to a protein
What is denature
The AMDR for protein is _______of total energy.
(the percentage of calorie in take that should come from protein)
12-20% of total energy.