proteins jeopardy

the making of a protein

100

this is the definition of a protein

large, complex molecules found in tissues of all living things

200

these join amino acids together and form dipeptides, tripeptides, oligopeptides, and polypeptides

peptide bonds

300

this is the process by which cells use genes to make proteins, what are genes and nucleotides in relation?

gene expression

gene: DNA template for synthesis of protein

nucleotide: building block of DNA

400

this is when the genetic info carried by mRNA is translated into the amino acid sequence of a protein at the ribosome

translation

500

this is when the messenger RNA copies the genetic info from DNA in the nucleus

transcription

amino acids

100

amino acid contain these ions

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen

200

this is the process of transferring a amine group from an essential amino acid to a different acid group and side chain (produces a nonessential amino acid)

transamination

300

when a nonessential amino acid becomes essential it is called this

conditionally essential amino acid

400

this is the definition of an essential amino acid and how many essential amino acids there are 

an amino acid that cannot be produced in sufficient quantities to meet needs, must be obtained by food, there are 9

500

this is the definition of a nonessential amino acid

an amino acid that can be synthesized in sufficient quantities

protein organization

100

this is the sequential order of amino acids 

primary structure 

200

this is the spiral shape from twist in amino acid chain

secondary structure

300

this is the unique three-dimensional shape maintained by hydrogen bonds and disulfide bridges

tertiary structure

400

this is when polypeptide bond to form larger proteins (globular or fibrous)

quaternary structure

500

this is when existing proteins are degraded to provide the building blocks for new proteins

protein turnover

digest da protein

100

these are the enzyme and hormone involved in protein digestion and what they do 

pepsin: begins protein breakdown of proteins into short polypeptides and amino acids (made from inactive pepsinogen)

gastrin: hormone that controls hydrochloric acid production and pepsin release 

200

TRIPLE PLAY

these are the pancreatic enzymes complete protein digestion

trypsin, chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidase

300

this is where protein digestion begins

the stomach

400

this is the acid that converts inactive pepsinogen into pepsin

hydrochloric acid 

500

this small intestine cell have different sites that specialize in transporting amino acids, dipeptides and tripeptides

enterocytes

proteins in da diet

100

this is the definition and result of a limiting amino acid

an essential amino acid that is missing or in the smallest supply, it slows down or halts protein synthesis 

200

DOUBLE JEOPARDY

this is the definition and result of an incomplete protein

an insufficient essential amino acids, doesn't support growth and health

300

this is the definition and source of complete protein

sufficient amounts of all nine essential amino acids, animal sources, soy beans and quinoa

400

this is the definition of mutual supplementation

combine two or more incomplete protein sources to make a complete protein 

500

this is the definition of complementary proteins

two or more foods are combined to supply all nine essential amino acids for complete protein profile