Counter-Reformation
City in Italy where Catholic leaders met over 18 years to respond to charges by Protestants that the Catholic Church had lost its way.
What is Trent (or Trento)?
Youngest of Henry VIII's children, he ruled for six years until dying at the age of sixteen. While alive, he tried to keep his father's new Protestant church strong.
Who is Edward VI?
This region in the modern-day Czech Republic is where the Thirty Years' War began. It involved the defenestration of a Catholic official from a third-story window.
What is Bohemia?
Involving words like Transubstantiation and Consubstantiation, this part of Catholic and Protestant worship services was a very controversial part of the Reformation.
What is the Eucharist, Communion, or Lord's Supper?
A massacre at this location in northeastern France is seen as the beginning of the French Wars of Religion (1562-1598).
What is Vassy?
Another name for the Society of Jesus, this Catholic order's purpose is to spread the message of the church around the world.
They got their start during the Counter-Reformation.
Who are the Jesuits?
Oldest of Henry VIII's children, she tried to force England back to Catholicism in a "bloody" way.
Who is Mary I?
While official numbers are hard to come by, this is the estimated number of deaths during the Thirty Years' War.
What is eight million?
This is the name for Protestant reformers who believed in an interdependent relationship between government and church.
Who are magesterial reformers?
This Latin phrase, meaning "whose realm, their religion", was used in the Peace of Augsburg.
What is cuius regio, eius religio?
This church tribunal was used to force confessions out of individuals accused of committing heresy against the Catholic Church.
What is the Inquisition?
Second of Henry VIII's children, she ensured that England would remain a Protestant nation during her forty-five year reign.
Who is Elizabeth I?
Controlled by the powerful Habsburg family, this nation was a big loser of the Thirty Years' War.
What is Spain or Holy Roman Empire?
Ulrich Zwingli and Martin Luther both believed in ________ ________, which is another way of saying priests could have wives and children.
What is clerical marriage?
The name for French Calvinists. They were persecuted in France, with many moving to other countries (including eventually Canada and the U.S.).
Who are Hugenots?
This pope was the one who called for a ecumenical council of Catholic leaders to reclaim Christianity from the Protestants.
Who is Paul III?
What is the Church of England (Anglican Church)?
The big winner of the Thirty Years' War, this country was Catholic yet fought much of the war against other Catholic countries.
What is France?
A controversial part of John Calvin's theology, this is the belief that God has already determined who will go to heaven or hell.
What is predestination?
Named King of France in 1589, he was successful in ending the French Wars of Religion.
Unfortunately, he was assassinated by a French Catholic in 1610.
Who is Henry IV?
While it never went totally "away", the buying and selling of __________ lost its importance after the mid-1500s.
What are indulgences?
This is the number of wives Henry VIII had during his lifetime.
What is six?
This was the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire at the beginning of Thirty Years' War.
Who is Ferdinand II?
William Tyndale apparently promoted this belief, in which a country's monarch should have more power than the pope.
What is caesaropapism?
This law ended the French Wars of Religion. It proclaimed Catholicism as the official religion/domination of France while allowing French Protestants the right to worship freely.
What is the Edict of Nantes?