Animal-like Protists (Protozoans
These animal-like protists use hair-like projections to move and guide food into their "mouth" or oral groove. What are they called?
Ciliates (or Ciliophora).
Unlike true plants, algae are missing these three structural parts commonly found in the plant kingdom.
Roots, leaves, and stems.
Fungus-like protists obtain their nutrients by feeding on this type of material.
Decaying organic matter.
Which of the following is the primary reason phytoplankton are vital to aquatic ecosystems?
A) They cause diseases in fish.
B) They provide the base of the food web.
C) They move using pseudopods.
D) They have cell walls made of chitin
B) They provide the base of the food web.
This life cycle pattern involves a transition between a diploid (2n) form and a haploid (n) form.
Alternation of generations.
This structure is used by freshwater paramecia to collect and expel excess water to maintain homeostasis. Name this organelle.
Contractile vacuole.
These unicellular algae have cell walls made of silica and are often used as abrasives in tooth polish. What are they?
Diatoms.
While fungi have cell walls made of chitin, fungus-like protists have cell walls primarily composed of this substance.
Cellulose.
The life cycle of the sporozoan Plasmodium, which causes malaria, requires which two hosts?
A) Human and Tsetse fly
B) Snail and Fish
C) Human and Mosquito
D) Mosquito and Bird
C) Human and Mosquito.
In the alternation of generations, this haploid generation is responsible for producing gametes.
Gametophyte generation.
Sarcodines, such as amoebas, use these temporary extensions of cytoplasm for both movement and feeding. What are they?
Pseudopods.
This group of algae is characterized by having two flagella and some species are bioluminescent. Name this group.
Dinoflagellates.
These fungus-like protists are divided into two main groups: acellular and cellular. Name the organism.
Slime molds.
Which phylum includes some of the largest multicellular plant-like algae, such as kelp?
A) Chlorophyta
B) Rhodophyta
C) Phaeophyta
D) Bacillariophyta
C) Phaeophyta.
This type of alga is a major producer of oxygen in Earth's atmosphere as a by-product of photosynthesis.
Phytoplankton.
This phylum of animal-like protists consists entirely of internal parasites that lack contractile vacuoles and methods for locomotion. Name the phylum.
Apicomplexa (or Sporozoans).
These plant-like protists are difficult to classify because they can photosynthesize like plants but also ingest food like animals when light is unavailable. What are they?
Euglenoids.
In this specific type of slime mold, the nucleus divides but no internal cell walls form, resulting in a mass of cytoplasm with multiple nuclei.
Acellular slime molds.
What is the function of the eyespot in a Euglena?
A) To digest food particles.
B) To expel excess water.
C) To detect light for photosynthesis.
D) To exchange genetic information.
C) To detect light for photosynthesis.
This disease is caused by zooflagellates in the genus Trypanosoma and is often fatal.
Sleeping sickness.
Explain the process of conjugation in ciliates and why it is not considered a form of sexual reproduction.
Conjugation is a process where two paramecia exchange genetic information through a cytoplasmic bridge; it is not sexual reproduction because new organisms are not formed.
These secondary pigments allow certain algae to absorb light energy at great depths (up to 100m) where only specific wavelengths of light reach.
Phycobilins (found in Red Algae).
These organisms were originally considered fungi because they break down tissue and absorb nutrients through cell walls, but they are now classified as protists due to their cell wall composition.
Water molds (or downy mildews)
Green algae reproduce asexually through which process where a multicellular individual breaks into pieces?
A) Binary fission
B) Conjugation
C) Fragmentation
D) Meiosis
C) Fragmentation.
Some red algae contribute to the formation of these massive underwater structures because they have calcium carbonate in their cell walls.
Coral reefs.