Assess the Situation
Shock is...
a life-threatening condition when the vital organs don't get enough blood and oxygen.
What's one example of something you would do to treat someone with shock (something you can go into if you lose too much blood)?
Any of the below:
- covering the person with a blanket
- lay the person down/keep them still
- elevate the legs
- turn the head to the side to prevent choking
How many types of burns are there and which is the most severe?
3, third being the worst
What is hypothermia?
A medical emergency characterized by dangerously low body temperature and can be fatal (it often occurs when people are wet and exposed to cool air or cold).
What should you NOT do if someone is being electrocuted?
The kid you're babysitting sticks crayons up his nose and in his ears and is freaking out. What do you do?
Assess the situation, try to calm the kid down, attempt to remove the crayons but if you are unsuccessful call 911. They can instruct you on what to do after that.
What is the limit of amount of blood someone can lose before they go into shock?
Only 20%
What is one of the four types of venomous snakes you should watch out for in North America?
Copperhead, Water Moccasin, Rattlesnake, and the Coral snake
What are the three stages of frostbite?
Frostnip
Superficial frostbite
Deep (severe) frostbite
You see someone having a heart attack. What do you do?
Have someone call 911 and do CPR until someone can find an AED (can be found in most public places) or until emergency help arrives.
You see someone on the sidewalk in need of first aid. What should you do, if you can, before you begin to help them?
What is the goal of the first aid when it comes to severe bleeding?
To stop the bleeding by applying pressure and carefully positioning the body.
How can you identify a venomous snake bite?
A poisonous snake bite looks more like a puncture wound (nonpoisonous snake bites often look like scratches) and becomes very painful.
What are the three heat related illnesses?
heat cramps, heat exhaustion, and heatstroke
What is the five-and-five method?
the procedure of responding to choking that involves a series of back blows alternating with abdominal thrusts
You are on a bus and someone is vomiting blood. What standard precautions should you use while giving this person first-aid and why?
You should wear gloves and wash your hands with soap and water after because bodily fluids can carry communicable diseases.
After calling 911, what is the first step to helping someone who is bleed severly?
Applying pressure to the wound, using a sterile bandage if possible.
What is anaphylaxis and what is one thing that can trigger it?
Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening allergic reaction that happens when someone ingests/gets injected with
What is an example of a symptom of the most severe heat related illness (heatstroke) and what is one example of treatment?
1st part: any of the below
- high body temp, red skin, altered consciousness or confusion, seizures, rapid or weak pulse
2nd part: any of the below
- submerge person's body in cold water, have the person lie down with feet elevated, cover skin with towels soaked in cold water (or bags of ice)
What alterations to the five-and-five method should you take to treat infants?
For step three: give five chest thrusts with two or three fingers in the center of the chest. Compress about 1.5 inches.
Your friend Barbara has just found out that she won the lottery and collapsed from excitement. You assess the situation and see that when she fell, she bent her arm the wrong way. You decide to call 911. What information should you be prepared to give the dispatcher?
Your location/street address, why you called (the specific type of emergency), describe the injured person and their condition, any important info about the scene that might help understand and listen to the dispatcher's directions.
What are some symptoms of shock that you should look out for when treating someone who has had a lot of blood loss?
Signs and symptoms of shock may include cold, pale skin; rapid pulse and breathing; nausea; weakness and dizziness; and anxiety.
What do you do after you administer an EpiPen?
Loosen the person's clothing and cover the person with a blanket, turn the person's head to the side to prevent choking from vomit, check breathing a pulse, and do not give the person water or any other liquid.
How can someone get/what leads to a heat related illness?
Prolonged exposure to hot weather and dehydration can tax the body’s capacity to regulate temperature.
Infants, young children, older adults, individuals who experience overweight, and people doing physical labor or playing sports outdoors have more risk for these heat-related illnesses.
There's been a big rain storm and you're out on a walk, you see someone laying, unconscious in a puddle. You assess the situation and you see that they are near some fallen electrical wire. What should you do?
Be careful, you can't help them if you are electrocuted. Next, call to them and ask if they are ok, but don't touch them. If they don't respond, call 911 and turn off the electricity source if you can. If emergency rescue services will take a while to get to you, move electrical wires with wood, plastic or cardboard. Check the person's pulse and begin CPR, treat for shock and apply bandages to burns if necessary.