Policy Innovations (Week 9)
Historically, what the US has predominantly had.
What is "bad federalism"
The "historic" reparations decision.
What is the Section 14 settlement?
Martin Luther King Jr.'s Speech on Black voting rights
What is "Give us the ballot."
This suspended literacy tests, increased the power of the US attorney general, and created federal oversight of state governments.
What is the VRA?
A key element is sobriety, according to Dr. Gash.
What is location?
The four areas where local government is most powerful.
What is schools, environment, neighborhoods, and democracy.
This made racial covenants illegal.
What is the VRA?
Their preferred approach to social change is utilizing the judiciary to enact social change.
Who is Eisenhower?
The case that made the VRA a lame duck.
What is Shelby County v. Holder?
The example of direct democracy in Oregon from 1994.
What is the Death with Dignity Act?
The percentage of Republican state trifectas in 2016 after Trump's election.
What is 60%.
Two methods of federal aid for housing.
What are government block grants, housing subsidies and tax benefits (or more specific like the HOME program or Section 8 vouchers)?
The original 1965 VRA trigger point.
What is only 50% of all eligible voters going to the polls.
The case that ruled racial covenants legally unenforceable.
What is Shelley v. Kraemer?
First thought impossible, it has become possible in the US because of gridlock.
What is "executive federalism"
Processes of intergovernmental negotiation that are dominated by the executives of the different governments within the federal system.
What is "executive federalism"
He said, "No man who owns a home can be a communist because he has to much to do."
Who is William J. Levitt?
Going directly on the ballot versus going through the legislature first.
What is direct and indirect direct democracy?
The case where Judge Brandies famously called state and local governments "laboratories of innovation."
What is New Ice State Co. v. Liebman
4 examples of tactics used to resist integration after Brown v. Board of Ed.
What is literacy tests, grandfather clauses, white "vouchers," poll taxes, voter registry evictions, worker resistance tactics, gerrymandering, violence? (any 4 of these)
These two states went from democratic trifectas to mixed governmental control is 2025.
What is Minnesota and Michigan?
This town is considered "ground zero" for housing segregation in the US.
What is Baltimore, MD.
The 6 methods of direct democracy.
What is LR Amendments, LR statutes, CI Amendments, CI statutes, Veto referendum, and Recall?
Colorado's citizen-initiated amendment overturned by the courts in 1992 (name the measure and the court case).
What is Amendment 2 and Romer v. Evans?
The cornerstone of American culture and the American economy post-WWII.
What is the single-family dwelling.