Chapter 9
Chapter 10
Chapter 11
Misc.
Misc.
100
Three mechanisms through which one regime is transformed into another.
What is :•Coup d’état•Revolution•Democratization
100
An economic system in which individuals and firms exchange goods and services in a largely unfettered manner
What is a market economy. What is the difference between market economy and capitalism?
100
What are the three theories of development?
What is modernization, capabilities approach, and postmdernism? •Modernization theory: enabling “Third World” countries to become like wealthy, Western countries (industrializing and urbanizing) •Capabilities approach: developmentof human capabilities and freedom •Only when people are free politically in democracies can they define for themselves what a fulfilling life would be (Sen, 1999)￿ Human Development Index •Postmodernist: “development” is effort by wealthy countries to control the Global South
100
Targets established by the United Nations to reduce poverty and hunger, improve education and health, improve the status of women, and achieve environmental sustainability; aid can solve problems
What is Millennium Development Goals?
100
The argument that globalization will force similar neoliberal policies across all countries.
What is Convergence?
200
A conscious agreement among political actors in authoritarian regime and civil society to establish a new form of government.
What is a packed transition?
200
Externalities, Imperfect information, and Monopolies are examples of?
Market failure, which occurs when markets fail to perform efficiently or fail to perform according to other widely held social values.
200
According to Przeworski, et al. (2003), which regime type is better for economic development?
Democratic and authoritarian regimes are even on economic development. However democracies become more stable after a certain threshold. •Democracies do tend to use labor more efficiently than authoritarian regimes •In democracies, workers receive more benefits from the economy than in authoritarian regimes
200
What country discussed in class successfully shifted from protectionism to neoliberalism to stimulate economic development?
What is Mexico? Economic model: ISI initially; shift to neoliberalism in 1980s–1990s Development outcomes: middle-income country; heavy reliance on exports
200
Where the consolidation of a democracy takes place if “the party or group that takes power in the initial election at the time of transition loses a subsequent election and turns over power to those election winners, and if those election winners then peacefully turn over power to the winners of a later election
What is the two turnover test?
300
Military regime resulting from coup more likely to be:
What is institutionalized, predictable, and stable
300
Goods or services that cannot or will not be provided via the market because their costs are too high or their benefits are too diffuse VS. Depleatable owner excluded goods
What is public vs private goods.
300
Development states with aggressive modernization of national industries, neoliberal policies, and export-oriented growth through the development of new industries have been predominantly successful. Name a time this has not been successful.
What is the East Asian Financial Crisis ?
300
Milton Friedman and Friedrich Hayek are considered the fathers of?
What is Neoliberalism?
300
How would neoliberal policies encourage development for the bottom billion?
reduce aid, encourage markets and financing via global bonds
400
Outcomes of social revolutions:
•Most common outcome is authoritarian rule•Violence and political divisions after revolution•Also nearly always strengthens state
400
A fiscal policy to revive demand during economic downturn including deficit spending, monetary policy to stimulate growth, regulation, and looser monetary policy.
What is Keynesianism?
400
Theory of trade that argues that economic efficiency and well-being will be maximized if each country uses its resources to produce whatever it produces relatively well compared with other countries and then trades its own products with other countries for goods it does not produce
What is Comparative Advantage?
400
Development programs created in the 1980s; based on neoliberal principles of reduced government protection of industries, fiscal austerity, and privatization
What is Structural adjustment programs?
400
Governments should play diminished role in economy; open economies to global trade, deregulate the economy, and privatize goods and services.
What is Neoliberalism?
500
What are the structural explanations for democratization?
What are the economy, the type of prior authoritarian regime, and western linkages?
500
List the essential, beneficial, and politically generated functions of the state according to recitation:
•Essential functions of the state: Provide national and personal security•Protect property and contract rights•Provide a currency• Beneficial functions of the state: Provide public goods•Mitigate market failures•Market failures occur when markets fail to perform efficiently• Politically generated functions of the state:Improve working conditions•Redistribution of income
500
Development policy popular in the 1950s–1970s; based on Keynesianism; uses trade policy, monetary policy, and currency rates to encourage creation of new industries to produce goods domestically that the country imported in the past
What is Import Substitution?
500
A. rely heavily on market relationships to govern economic activity; for example, the United States and the United Kingdom vs. B. firms, financiers, unions, and government consciously coordinate their actions via interlocking ownership and participation; for example: Germany and Japan
What is Liberal Market Economies vs. Coordinated Market economies.
500
What country has experienced the world's greatest economic growth and poverty reduction in the past several decades and why?
What is China? Type of economy: developmental state with modifications Recent reform efforts: expanding private sector and liberalizing financial sector but continued role for state-owned industries
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