States
The three systems ("strategies") for making political decisions
What are consensus, majority, and authority?
Public good
What is a thing that everyone gets and benefits from, regardless of whether they pay for it or not?
Collective action problem
What is a situation where a group could benefit by acting together but either doesn't do take such action or finds it difficult to do so because it is in the interest of each individual not to do his part?
The deal states "make"
What is in return for our loyalty and taxes and military service if necessary they give us public goods, the most important ones being solving of collective action problems?
Non-state actors
What are gangs, cartels, mobs, drug lords?
Free rider problem
What is where individuals can benefit from public good without paying for them, generally with goods where one person's use of the good doesn't minimize another persons's usage of that good?
Prisoner's dilemma
What is a 2 player collective action problem?
Public goods in real life
What are protection form intl enemies, a system of law and order (courts, justice system, prisons, people to enforce the laws), transportation, infrastructure, water management (sewers, pipes, water tanks, etc.), and garbage collection?
Failed state
What is one that doesn't have real authority over its borders?
The tragedy of the commons
What is if you have a drainable public resource that is shared between multiple people, people will use as much of it as they can until it's gone?
Worse collective action problems
What are those which get more and more of this and form when societies get bigger and bigger?
Collective action problem common mistakes
What are someone actually has to be part of the original group if they are benefitting from the good and everyone has to be in the same boat as far as wanting the good?
Mobs, mafias, gangs, etc.
Who operates where the state traditionally doesn't have a lot of power?
Solution to the tragedy of the commons
What is people agree collectively to all ration their use of the public good so that they government doesn't step in and ration it worse or take it away completely?
Collective action problems in dictatorships
What do the dictators use to keep protestors at home because they know there will be consequences for trying and failing if one is the only one to go out, but if one doesn't go out, it only increases the chances by that much that it will fail?
The four different outcomes of collective action
What are, in order of best to worst for you individually
1. The good is provided and you didn't contribute to it (free rider) (the government steps in for this and says people get put in jail if they do this)?
2. The good is provided and I did contribute (so this is what ends up happening)?
3. The good isn't provided but at least I didn't contribute?
4. The good isn't provided but I did contribute (chamada Uma Pessoa que fez um engano)?
States' usage of power
What is they use their monopoly to provide protection and solve collective action problems, collective action problems probably being the single most important public good modern govts can provide, given that solving collective action problems is generally "essential"?
Collective action problems
What address some of the most fundamental qs in comparative politics (i.e, what are the responsibilities of individual citizens in democratic societies?, how do we balance individual freedom with public welfare?, and what is the proper role of govt?)?
Non-excludable good
What is a good that is hard or impossible to prevent people who haven't paid for it to have access to it or enjoy it and is also the type of good usually found in collective action problems?