I SPEAK GOOD
Read the sentence . Recommending that an artist rush to complete many paintings in time for a show’s opening is never something the gallery owner would recommend since the gallery owner doesn’t want to display sloppy work.
Choose the best way to revise the sentence to eliminate unnecessary repetition
A: Not wanting to display sloppy work, the gallery owner would never recommend that an artist rush to complete many paintings in time for a show’s opening.
B. Because the gallery owner does not want to display sloppy work, the gallery owner would never recommend that an artist rush to finish paintings.
C. Making a recommendation to an artist to rush to complete many paintings in time for a show’s opening is never something the gallery owner would recommend since the gallery owner doesn’t want to display sloppy work .
D. Having an artist rush to complete many paintings in time for a show’s opening is never something the gallery owner would recommend since the recommendation would result in a display of sloppy work .
The student is being asked to identify the best way to revise the sentence to eliminate unnecessary repetition . Option A is the correct answer since it eliminates repetition in the sentence . Option B is incorrect since “gallery owner” is repeated in the sentence . Option C is incorrect since “recommendation”/“recommend” are both used in the sentence . Option D is incorrect since “recommendation”/“recommend” are both used in the sentence
A word or phrase that means exactly or nearly the same as another word or phrase, for example shut is a synonym of close.
Synonym
I s the use of words and phrases to create vivid pictures in the reader's mind.
Imagery
Read the sentence from the passage “ ‘Uphill, both ways,’ Grandma Olsen would say whenever Gracie complained about her daily trek .”
What does Grandma Olsen mean by the phrase “uphill, both ways”?
A. Gracie had to climb up a hill to get to work
B. The way there was different from the way back .
C . Walking in a snowstorm was going to be difficult
D . Gracie found the way difficult regardless of the condition .
The student is asked to determine what Grandma Olsen means by the phrase “uphill, both ways .” Option D is the correct answer since the grandma is emphasizing Gracie’s complaint about her long commute . Options A, B, and C are incorrect since they are not supported by the details in the passage
Read the sentence
The International Space Station a large satellite in outer space, orbits Earth at speeds of about 17,500 miles per hour .
Which revision should be made to the sentence?
A . B . Add a comma after Station
B. Add a dash before orbits.
C Add a comma after speeds
D . Add parentheses around miles per hour
The student is asked to determine which revision should be made to correctly use punctuation to set off nonrestrictive elements . Option A is the correct answer, because “a large satellite in outer space” is a nonrestrictive clause, it should be set off with a comma after “Station .” Option B is not correct, because a dash is used to strongly emphasize a parenthetical element and often conveys a change in tone, which is not appropriate in this sentence . Option C is not correct, because no comma is needed after “speeds .” Option D is not correct, because parentheses should not be placed around “miles per hour” since this phrase is necessary for the completion of the sentence and is not additional or unneeded information
Read the sentence from a student’s story . The kitchen began to smell good as Joe steamed rice and tossed cut-up vegetables in a frying pan . The student decided to add “following the recipe” to the sentence . Which version of the sentence shows the best placement of this phrase?
A .The kitchen began to smell good as Joe, following the recipe, steamed rice and tossed cut-up vegetables in a frying pan .
B. Following the recipe, the kitchen began to smell good as Joe steamed rice and tossed cut-up vegetables in a frying pan.
C . The kitchen began to smell good as Joe steamed rice and tossed cut-up vegetables in a frying pan, following the recipe .
D. The kitchen, following the recipe, began to smell good as Joe steamed rice and tossed cut-up vegetables in a frying pan .
The student is being asked to determine the best place to put the phrase “following the recipe” in the sentence . Option A is the correct answer since placing the phrase in this position in the sentence is grammatically correct . Options B, C, and D are incorrect since placing the phrase in these locations results in a misplaced modifier
A word or phrase the means the opposite of another word or phrase, for example big and small
Antonym
Is the word use of words to imitate sounds
Onomatopeia
Read the sentence from the passage . “Gracie relocked the door with the CLOSED sign over the glass pane .” How does the prefix “re-” affect the meaning of the word “relocked”?
A. It indicates the door is locked again .
B. It establishes the original state of the door.
C . It shows that Gracie uses the key twice to lock the door.
D. It describes how Gracie has to use the door to enter the shop
The student is asked to determine how the prefix “re-” affects the meaning of the word “relocked .” Option A is the correct answer since the prefix “re-” means to do something again . Options B, C, and D are incorrect since these do not reflect the meaning of the word “relocked .”
Read the paragraph
(1) As the head of postal services, Benjamin Franklin established a profitable mail delivery system in colonial America . (2) The adventurous Franklin traveled some 1,600 miles between postal offices to mark all possible direct routes . (3) He had riders transport mail day and night for faster more productive delivery . (4) He also created a simpler and more standard rating system so postmasters could consistently calculate the price of postage .
Where should a comma be added?
A . after profitable in sentence 1
B. after possible in sentence 2
C . after faster in sentence 3
D . after simpler in sentence 4
The student is asked to determine where in the given paragraph a comma should be added . Option C is the correct answer, because a comma needs to be placed after “faster” in sentence 3 since “faster” and “more productive” are coordinate adjectives . Option A is not correct, because “profitable” and “mail delivery” do not function as coordinate adjectives in sentence 1 . Option B is not correct, because “possible” and “direct” do not function as coordinate adjectives in sentence 2 . Option D is not correct, because “simpler” and “more standard” do not function as coordinate adjectives in sentence 4
Read the paragraph .
(1) The moon was shining . (2) It was a dark, clear night with a chill in the air . (3) There was complete silence, except for the “hoot-hoot” of some lonely owls . (4) Hundreds of stars twinkled in the black sky .
Which revision would most improve the paragraph?
A . using descriptive language in sentence 1
B. adding dialogue in sentence 2
C . using more detail in sentence 3
D . adding the exact number of stars in sentence 4
The student is being asked to determine which revision would improve the paragraph . Option A is the correct answer since adding descriptive language to sentence 1 would improve the paragraph . Option B is incorrect; although dialogue may improve a narrative paragraph, dialogue would not improve sentence 2 . Option C is incorrect since sentence 3 currently has several specific details . Option D is incorrect since it is unnecessary to provide an exact number of stars when describing the setting
Comparing two unlike things using like or as
Simile
Is a repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of words
Read the sentence from the passage . “Miss Thompson smiled and started back across the terminal .” Which meaning of the word terminal is used in the sentence?
A . the end part of something
B. the last stage of a process
C . a building where people arrive and depart
D . a device where information is entered and received
The student is asked to use context clues to determine the meaning of the word “terminal .” Option C is the correct answer; although all options reflect a meaning of the multiple-meaning word, context supports the meaning of “terminal” as “a building where people arrive and depart .” Options A, B, and D are incorrect since the context does not support these meanings
Which sentence is the most descriptive?
A . Waiting backstage, John was nervous about having to perform a solo in front of so many people at the annual music night at his school .
B . He had practiced for days on end, trying to play the music as perfectly as he could .
C . In fact, he had memorized his solo weeks before the night of his performance because he had thought that doing so would help .
D. Feeling jittery, John stepped unsteadily onto the stage and into the glaring lights to brave a sea of faces in the audience
The student is asked to identify the sentence that is most descriptive . Option D is the correct answer, because the specific details allow the reader to understand best how John feels and what he sees . Option A is not correct, because even though it says that John was “nervous,” it does not describe his behavior as specifically as option D . Both options B and C are not correct, because they do not specifically describe John’s surroundings or feelings
Read the paragraph of a letter .
Principal Graff, The seventh graders recently read the novel The Magic Dream in language arts class . As you may already know, a film version of the book is being released in theaters next week . Movie critics have praised it for remaining true to the novel, and it is rated as appropriate for audiences of all ages . The students request permission to organize a field trip to the local movie theater to view the film
Which sentence that could be added to the letter best maintains the style and tone of the paragraph?
A . The viewing experience offers students a chance to compare the same story presented in a different way.
B. The previews of the movie make it seem like a hilarious comedy that will have students laughing the whole time .
C. It would be an absolute shame to pass up an opportunity to see an awesome movie like this one .
D . Seeing the story on screen would be a perfect way to reward those students who work like busy bees all day at school
The student is asked to determine the sentence that could be added to the letter that best maintains the style and tone of the paragraph . Option A is the correct answer since it maintains the formal style and more objective tone of the paragraph . Options B, C, and D are incorrect since they reflect an informal style and a more personal tone
Comparing two unlike things without using like or as; saying one thing is something else
Metaphor
A figure of speech in which a thing, an idea, or an animal is given human attributes
What is personification
Which aspect of Eleanor Roosevelt is most emphasized in the passage?
A. her elegance
B.her compassion
C . her wealth
D . her fame
Option B is the correct answer . The passage states that Eleanor Roosevelt “spoke up for women’s rights and for poor people and minorities .” The passage also states that Eleanor would tell the president about “people who needed help .” Option A is incorrect; although the passage provides information about Eleanor Roosevelt’s appearance, such as her being tall and wearing a “long dark coat with a fur around the collar,” the First Lady’s elegance is not what is most emphasized . Option C is incorrect; although the First Lady wears a fur-trimmed coat, there are no other details that suggest that she is wealthy . Option D is incorrect; although the First Lady was famous during her time, this fact is not emphasized in the passage at all .
Read the paragraph.
(1) Everybody (this includes sixth, seventh, and eighth graders) is going to hear Professor McGregor speak about his research . (2) Facts about Science for Non-Scientists is the book that he wrote . (3) Neither the science teachers nor their students have read the book yet . (4) By next week, someone from each of the three grades have to be prepared to ask an interesting question about the topic.
Which change would correct the mistake in the paragraph?
A. Change is to are in sentence 1
B. Change is to are in sentence 2
C. Change have to has in sentence 3 .
D . Change have to has in sentence 4
The student is asked to determine which change would correct the mistake in the given paragraph . Option D is the correct answer, because “have” needs to be changed to “has” to ensure subject-verb agreement with “someone,” which is singular . Option A is not correct, because sentence 1 already has subject-verb agreement between “everybody” and “is .” Option B is not correct, because sentence 2 has subject-verb agreement between “Facts about Science for Non-Scientists” and “is .” Option C is not correct, because sentence 3 already has subject-verb agreement between “teachers”/“students” and “have .”
Read the paragraph
(1) As part of Earth Day activities this year, we planted a new tree on the school lawn . (2) A blue spruce, which all students agreed was the best choice of tree to plant . (3) We first dug a hole, and then we filled the hole halfway with water . (4) Once the water drained into the soil, we placed the tree in the hole .
Which sentence should be revised to correct the inappropriate sentence fragment?
A . sentence 1.
B. sentence 2
C . sentence 3
D . sentence 4
The student is asked to identify which sentence should be revised to correct the inappropriate sentence fragment . Option B is the correct answer since this option shows a sentence fragment, which is an incomplete thought . Options A, C, and D are incorrect since they are complete sentences
An extreme exaggeration, for example "my head is about to explode"
Hyperbole
The comparison of one thing to another without the use of like ore as.
Metaphor
How does the author mainly develop the point of view of Grandma Olsen?
A. by revealing the thoughts of Grandma Olsen through the thoughts of Gracie
B. bhrevealing the interactions between Grandma Olsen and Gracie
C . by revealing the conversations that Grandma Olsen has with Gracie
D . by revealing the lessons Grandma Olsen teaches Gracie
Option A is the correct answer . Throughout the passage, Gracie has thoughts about what her Grandma Olsen would think or do . Options B and C are incorrect since the passage does not feature direct interactions between Gracie and her grandmother . Option D is incorrect since the passage does not refer to any lessons that Grandma Olsen directly teaches Gracie
Which sentence contains a word or group of words that is misplaced?
A. Wise students finish their homework before starting other activities.
B. Johnny proudly wore the medal he had earned at the competition.
C. The conductor happily directed the musicians he had taught.
D. Maggie clutched the seashell she had found closely.
The student is asked to determine the sentence that has a misplaced modifier. Option D is the correct answer since “closely” is misplaced at the end of the sentence, making it seem that “closely” modifies “found” instead of “clutched.” Options A, B, and C are not correct responses since they contain no misplaced modifiers.