Properties of Matter
How well matter dissolves in another material, such as water.
solubility
Explain a solid, liquid, and gas in terms of their volume and shape.
(ex: solid have a ___________ volume, and a ________ shape)
solids - definites volume; definite shape
liquids - definite volume; not a definite shape
gas - no definite volume or shape
I am the sphere that includes all living things on the Earth. (animals, plants, bacteria, fungi)
biosphere
What are the 4 stages of the water cycle? (start with evaporation)
-evaporation
-condensation
-precipitation
-collection (where water goes after precipitation)
A. A resource that is NOT made fast enough to replace what it used...
B. A material that is made by nature at least as quickly as people use it...
A. Nonrenewable Resource
B. Renewable Resource
The smallest particle of a compound (matter made of two or more elements) that still has the properties of that compound.
molecule
I am a change in some properties of matter that does not form a different kind of matter (nothing new is formed). List 4 examples...
physical change
(ex: haircut, ice cream melting, broken pencil, cutting grass, cutting paper)
This sphere of the Earth contains rocks, soil, and sediments. (also the crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core) Living things are able to interact with this sphere.
geosphere
How is the ocean connected to the water cycle?
Ocean water evaporates and forms clouds through condensation. Clouds are then blown by the wind to other locations where the water rains back down as precipitation.
What is hydroelectric energy?
Energy that comes from the movement of water. (usually turns a turbine)
Why are elements allowed to be on the periodic table, but compounds are not? (ex: gold is an element, cars are not)
elements are only made of atoms of themselves
Freezing, evaporation, condensation, and melting are all physical changes. Why?
They are still water, nothing new is forming. They are going through a change in their state of matter.
What would happen if our atmosphere was not as thick as it is now?
Earth would be much colder, there would be more dangerous radiation, and survival would be tougher for the organisms on Earth.
Explain how freshwater on the Earth is NOT evenly distributed.
Most is found in glaciers or ice caps (can't get to it)
Rainforests have more rain than deserts.
People need aquifers, reservoirs, and other means to collect water.
How do humans affect natural resources?
We can use up or pollute natural resources.
A heavy brick weighs more than a fluffy cushion, but the cushion has more volume (takes up more space). Which object has more matter?
The brick contains more matter because it is heavier, which means it has a greater mass.
A change that produces one or more new substances. List 4 examples...
chemical change
-rusty nail, baking food, toasting bread, vinegar and baking soda, leaves changing color in the fall
Explain how the hydrosphere interacts with the atmosphere on a daily basis.
The hydrosphere is all of Earth's water and the atmosphere helps to evaporate water, move it from place to place, and aids in the water cycle process.(water as clouds)
What does salinity mean?
What does brakish mean?
salinity = amount of salt dissolved in water
brackish = where freshwater and saltwater mix
What does C.O.N stand for? Are these materials renewable or nonrenewable?
Coal, Oil, Natural Gas
*Nonrenewable
What happens to molecules of water when you heat them up? Cool them down?
Heat up = the molecules move faster
Cool down = molecules move slower
What does the law of conservation of matter state?
during any chemical or physical change, the total mass of the matter DOES NOT CHANGE!!
When you add certain gases to the atmosphere, more heat is trapped. What is this phenomenon called?
green house effect
Why is it important to maintain our freshwater resources?
Most water on Earth is saltwater and most fresh water is frozen in icecaps and glaciers. The little water we can drink must not be wasted or we will run out of drinkable water.
Solar, hydroelectric, and geothermal energy are all renewable resources that cause little pollution. Do they still have an effect on the environment around them? If so, how?
Hydro - dams can change the flow of water and damage an ecosystem
Geothermal - uses a lot of water and land to set up and use geothermal energy sources