Research Methods
observe/measure phenomena without intervention or manipulation of behavior
What are correlational studies?
Two variables increase or decrease together
Vigilance/concentration for extended periods of time
What is sustained attention?
Requires conscious awareness
What is explicit memory?
Association of a neutral stimulus with a natural stimulus to use the neutral stimulus to produce the behavior
What is classical conditioning?
Behavior/variable that is measured during a study
What is dependent variable?
As one variable increases, the other variable decreases
What is negative correlation?
Flexibly allocate attentional resources between two or more concurrent tasks
What is divided attention?
Facts and general knowledge
Tendency to respond to stimuli that resemble the original conditioned stimulus
What is generalization?
Participants behaving in the way that experimenters think the experimenters want them to
What is participant demand?
Third variables that impact the observed behaviors/results of a study
What are confounds?
Ability to select certain stimuli in the environment to process, while ignoring distracting information
Repeating information mentally or out loud with the goal of keeping it in memory
What is maintenance rehearsal?
Learning that occurs on the basis of the consequences of the behavior that can involve the learning of new behaviors
What is operant conditioning?
the description of something in terms by which it can be observed and measured
What is operational definition?
Existing groups are used as an IV
What is quasi experiment?
Selection occurs very easily with no additional processing for th unselected information
What is Broadbent’s filter model?
Failure to encode information
What is anterograde amnesia?
introduce an unpleasant stimulus to decrease a behavior
The difference between random sampling and random assignment
What is participants selected from larger more diverse community versus participants not being allowed to select which condition they are in
The probability that a random process could give the results at least as extreme as what was found in the actual study
What is a p-value?
Selection begins at physical or perceptual level but unattended information is not entirely blocked just attenuated (weakened)
What is Treisman’s attenuation model?
Serial position effects
What are primacy and recency effects?
*rehearsed into LTM
*still in STM
Pattern of delivering reinforcement
What is a schedule of reinforcement?