Thought & Language
Most people I know are familiar with Hasan Minhaj. If I assume that most Americans must know who he is, I am using _____ heuristics to guide my thinking.
Availability (Heuristics)
Which part of the brain is associated with the pain matrix?
Amygdala
Fundamental Attribution Error
I have a deep belief that we need to cut down our energy consumption and transition to clean energy. When I am running late for class and leave my lights on, I feel guilty, so in order to reduce the _____ that I feel, I tell myself that my lights don't make a big difference.
Cognitive Dissonance
In the petrified forest study (the one about theft of wood from the forest), which condition led to the least amount of thefts: (1) No Sign, (2) Don't Do It (Injunctive Norm), (3) Others Are Doing It (Descriptive Norm)
(2) Don't Do It (Injunctive Norm)
My dad asks me what I want for dinner. Instead of saying what I am craving, I pause for a few minutes to think about what type of food would be best for my body this evening. Under the dual-processing theory, I am using ______.
System II / Controlled System
Before taking an engineering exam, a professor implies that men usually perform better on this exam than women. The professor has just activated ____ for the women in the class, which has been shown to hurt performance.
Stereotype Threat
My heart starts beating fast and I realize I must be anxious. This explanation of my emotional experience is best described by ____ Theory.
James-Lange
_____ describes the phenomenon that people feel more motivated to help others who have helped them in the past, or who are likely to help them in the future
The norm of reciprocity
In the Bridge study, participants were (more/less) likely to call the female interviewer when approached in the parking lot than on the scary bridge itself. This study provided support for the ____ Theory, due to its illustration of the importance of the cognitive appraisal.
Less / Simon-Schachter (Two-Factory) theory
In a concept hierarchy, if dogs were at the basic level, then animals could be considered ____, and a golden retriever would be considered ____.
Superordinate / Subordinate
____ Intelligence describes ability to tackle new, challenging problems, while ____ Intelligence describes accumulated knowledge and skills over time.
Fluid (Intelligence) / Crystallized (Intelligence)
When I succeed, I explain that I worked hard and am a talented individual. When I fail, I explain that I got unlucky and the situation was unfair. This is a form of attribution known as ____.
Self-serving attribution / Self-serving bias.
I walk into a room and everyone has taken their shoes off. I deduce that this must be a norm of the space and take my shoes off as well. This type of conformity is called ___.
Informational Social Influence
In the Public Goods game, participants were more generous with the amount of money they put into the "collective" pool when what feature was introduced?
Gossip & Ostracism (ability to talk/rate other participants and decide not to play with them)
I need to hammer a nail in, but I don't have a hammer. I see a rock and realize I can use it for the same purpose. In this scenario, I would be breaking past (not falling victim to) the phenomenon known as _____.
Functional Fixedness
When a coach believes that an athlete has potential, he gives more attention to that athlete, leading to the athlete believing in herself, leading to the athlete training harder and ultimately performing better. This is an example of the ____.
Pygmalion Effect (Self-Fulfilling Prophecy)
I am trying to study in Vondy Cafe and these people next to me are talking and laughing very loudly. Before I start to get angry, I put on my noise-cancelling headphones and continue to study. This is a strategy for emotion regulation called ____.
Situation Modification
____ describes the phenomenon that the presence of others can improve our performance on tasks that are easy or practiced for us, but hurt our performance on complicated and unfamiliar tasks.
Social Facilitation
In the Shooter Task, participants were quicker to shoot unarmed (Black/White) men and slower to shoot armed (Black/White) men. This disparity illustrated that even egalitarian-minded people have _____.
Black / White / Implicit Bias or Implicit Associations
A child who has learned basic grammar rules says "Yesterday, I runned home and then I eated food." These mistakes are common phenomena in early language acquisition known as ____.
Overregularization Errors
A person who leaves their community and their homeland to flee persecution is prioritizing the need for ____ over the need for ____ (Hint: Maslow's Hierarchy of needs).
Safety / Belonging
I want people to join my club. I ask some people I know just to show up to the informational meeting to get to know the club. Then at that meeting, I ask them if they would want to join. This approach is called ___.
If someone is getting attacked and there are many observers who do not intervene, the _____ effect can be explained by two other phenomena: observers fail to interpret it as an emergency due to _____, and they do not feel a personal responsibility to help due to a _____.
Bystander (effect)
Pluralistic Ignorance: people are collectively unaware of each other's true attitudes, everyone looks to each other to see what to do
Diffusion of Responsibility: people assume someone else will help or know how to help
In the McGill Bright & Dull Rat Study, the bright rats significantly outperformed the dull rats in which of the following conditions: restricted, normal, enriched?
This study illustrated the importance of ____ influences on intelligence development.
Normal: bright and dull rats performed similarly in both the restricted and enriched conditions
Environmental (influences)