Brains and Nerves
Explain the role and function of the basic structures of a neuron
Dendrites: Branch like structure at the top of the soma that gathers information
Soma: cell body
Axon: major extension of the soma
Terminal buttons: Axon terminal containing synaptic vesicles
Myelin sheath: Fatty substance that insulates axons
Axon
Major extension of the soma
Neurotransmitter
Psychotropic medications
Drugs that treat psychiatric symptoms by restoring neurotransmitter balance
Frontal lobe
Part of the cerebral cortex involved in reasoning, motor control, emotion, and language; contains motor cortex
Describe the difference between the central and peripheral nervous systems, and the somatic and autonomic nervous systems
CNS: made up of the brain and spinal cord, white and gray matter in the brain
Peripheral: Connects the brain and spinal cord to the muscles, organs and senses in the periphery of the body
Somatic: Relays sensory and motor information to and from the CNS
Autonomic: controls our internal organs and glands
Dendrites
Branch-like extension of the soma that receives incoming signals from other neurons
Protein on the cell surface where neurotransmitters attach
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Brain and spinal cord
Occipital lobe
The central nervous system consists of the ...
Brain and spinal cord
Glial cell
nervous system cell that provides physical and metabolic support to neurons, including neuronal insulation, communication, and nutrient and waste transport
Soma
Cell body
Fight or Flight
Activation of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system, allowing access to energy reserves and heightened sensory capacity so that we might fight off a given threat or run away to safety
(p.s. Personally I'd want a fight response, be that guy to punch a bear and survive or something)
Parietal lobe
Part of the cerebral cortex involved in processing various sensory and perceptual information; contains the primary somatosensory cortex
Explain the two hemispheres of the brain and what they do
Left: Controls the right side of the body, superior memory associations, speech and language, selective attention
Right: Controls the left side of the body, Image processing, movement and spatial awareness
Myelin sheath
Fatty substance that insulates axons
Synapses
Small gap between two neurons where communication occurs
Lateralization
Concept that each hemisphere of the brain is associated with specialized functions
Temporal lobe
Identify the location and function of the lobes of the brain
Frontal lobe- Executive functioning, reasoning, motor control, emotion, language
Parietal lobe- Sensory processing
Occipital lobe- visual cortex
Temporal- Hearing, memory, emotion, some language
(p.s. I would've added a picture but they'd charge me)
Neurons
Cells in the nervous system that act as interconnected information processors, which are essentially for all of the tasks of the nervous system
Biopsychology
The study of physiological, genetic, and development mechanisms of behavior
Broca's area
Region in the left hemisphere of the brain is associated with specialized functions
Wernicke's area
Important for speech comprehension