Development 101
Growth and changes in the body and brain, senses, motor skills, and health and wellness
What is physical development?
Development as a cumulative process, building on existing skills
What is continuous development?
Theorist who formulated theory of psychosexual stages of development
Who is Freud?
Theorist who modified Freud's theory to emphasize the social nature of development
Who is Erik Erikson?
Theorist who proposed that cognitive development proceeds through specific stages, with a distinct shift in thinking and reasoning with each new stage
Growth process involving learning, attention, memory, language, thinking, reasoning, and creativity
What is cognitive development?
Development that occurs in separate, discrete stages, at specific times or ages
What is discontinuous development?
Most important takeaway from Freud's theory in modern research
What is the idea that childhood experiences help shape personality?
Stage important for the formation of trust or mistrust that basic needs will be met
What is Trust vs Mistrust?
Concepts that help us categorize and interpret information
What are schemata?
Growth process that involves emotions, personality, and social relationships
What is psychosocial development?
Biology and genetics as influences on development
What is nature?
According to Freud, the part of the personality present at birth, which functions according to the pleasure principle
What is the id?
Incorporating new information into existing knowledge
Approximate ages at which children reach specific normative events
What are developmental milestones?
Environment and culture as influences on development
What is nurture?
The part of the personality Freud believed represents the conscience; is completely formed by age 6 or 7
What is the superego?
Period of development beginning at puberty and ending at early adulthood
What is adolescence?
Changing schemata based on new information
What is accommodation?
Study of development using average ages when most children reach specific developmental milestones
What is a normative approach?
Development throughout the lifetime
What is lifespan development?
According to Freud, the part of the personality responsible for mediating between the id and the superego
What is the ego?
According to Erikson, this is the main task of adolescence
What is forming an identity?
Idea that objects can be changed, then returned to their original form or condition
What is reversibility?