Memory
A person suffering from retrograde amnesia will
A) lose past memories and the retention of new memories will be severely impacted.
B) lose past memories and the ability to acquire new memories will remain unaffected.
C) recall past memories but not be able to make new ones.
D) lose some past memories but have only the sporadic ability to make new memories.
B) lose past memories and the ability to acquire new memories will remain unaffected.
A professor has a policy of exempting students from the final exam if they maintain perfect attendance. His student’s attendance increases dramatically. Which of the following is best illustrated by this scenario?
A) classical conditioning
B) observational learning
C) operant conditioning
D) latent learning
C) operant conditioning
While walking in the woods, Rachel feels a sudden pain in her neck. Due to the nature of the pain, she recognizes that she has been stung by a bee. In this scenario, which of the following processes has most likely helped her identify the source of her pain?
A) photoreception
B) perception
C) sensation
D) transduction
B) perception
In the context of the visual system, which of the following best illustrates the functionality of rods in the retina?
A) Maggie is scrolling through Instagram.
B) Tina is reading a book while enjoying the sun outside.
C) Megan gets up in the middle of the night to get some water without turning the light on.
D) Sandy is watching a hockey game on the television in her bedroom.
C) Megan gets up in the middle of the night to get some water without turning the light on.
The lyrics to your favorite song are most likely stored in your ________ memory.
A) episodic
B) semantic
C) autobiographical
D) implicit
B) semantic
Anne's sister is watching TV in the next room while she's trying to study. At first this distracts Anne, but after a while it no longer bothers her. This is an example of
A) habituation
B) sensitization
C) latent learning
D) classical conditioning
A) habituation
When Carlos first jumped into the pool, he thought that the water was very cold. Although the temperature of the pool remained constant, after a few minutes Carlos no longer complained about feeling cold. This change is his reaction to the temperature of the pool water is an example of A) sensory deprivation.
B) a perceptual set.
C) sensory adaptation.
D) top-down processing.
C) sensory adaptation.
Mark has been working as sommelier for 20 years. He works at a restaurant designing wine and drink menus to compliment the chef's planned menu for the week and helps customers select wine to pair with their meal. While tasting, he uses his prior knowledge and training to pick out the various notes in the wine. In this scenario, Mark is most likely engaged in
A) selective attention.
B) bottom-up processing.
C) top-down processing.
D) perceptual constancy.
C) top-down processing.
How long does information last in sensory memory?
A) 1–2 seconds
B) 30–60 seconds
C) 2–3 minutes
D) 5 minutes
A) 1–2 seconds
Pavlov used classical conditioning to teach dogs to salivate at the sound of a bell by pairing the bell with food over multiple trials. Eventually the dogs salivated just in response to the bell. What is the conditioned response in this case?
Salivating in response to the bell
Linear perspective is a ________ for depth perception.
A) thermoreceptor
B) feature detector
C) monocular cue
D) binocular cue
C) monocular cue
Rosalie gets sleeping after nursing. Her mom starts playing a lullaby while breastfeeding. After a while, Rosalie gets sleepy when she hears the lullaby. In classical conditioning terminology, what is the unconditioned stimulus?
Nursing
Name one of the three stages of memory.
Encoding
Storage
Retrieval
What schedule of reinforcement is illustrated by the following example?
Fishing: Sometimes a fish will bite as soon as the line is thrown, but sometimes 40 minutes might pass before getting a bite.
Variable Interval Schedule
Which of the following theories does an excellent job of explaining afterimages, which are sensations that remain after a stimulus is removed?
A) Trichromatic Theory
B) Opponent-Process Theory
C) Temporal Theory
D) Place Theory
B) Opponent-Process Theory
What schedule of reinforcement is illustrated by the following example?
Jonny gets a star on his reward chart if he goes a day without hitting anyone.
Fixed Interval Schedule
What are the three types of memory?
Sensory Memory
Short-Term Memory
Long-Term Memory
Give an example of positive punishment.
Be sure you can also identify examples of negative punishment!
Describe one of the three Gestalt principles for visual perception discussed in class.
Closure: When we see disconnected or incomplete figures, we fill in the spaces and see them as complete figures.
Proximity: When we see objects that are near each other, they tend to be seen as a unit.
Similarity: When we see objects that are similar to each other, they tend to be seen as a unit.
Give an example of negative reinforcement.
Be sure you can also identify examples of positive reinforcement!