Wild Card Definitions
A(n) ________ variable is the outcome, or response to an experimental manipulation
Dependent Variable
If we get too hot, we sweat to cool off. If we get too cold, we shiver to warm up. This is part of the human body's mechanism to maintain
homeostasis
Developmental psychology can be best described as the study of
how thought and behavior change and show stability across the life span
a study design in which a psychologist, often a therapist, observes one person over a long period of time.
For example: Phineas Gage
Case Study
is defined as an eating disorder in which people cannot maintain 85 percent of their ideal body weight for their height, have an intense fear of eating, and have a distorted body image.
Anorexia nervosa
This activates the body in times of emergency, for example, by increasing the heart rate, dilating the pupils of the eyes, or inhibiting digestion.
sympathetic nervous system
is defined as the degree to which a test accurately measures what it purports to measure
Validity
According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, what are the needs? Arrange the correct sequence of needs in order from lowest to highest.
Physiological, safety, love and belongingness, esteem, and self-actualization
Abraham Maslow's concept of ________ refers to people's inherent drive to realize their full potential.
self-actualization
The area of the brain responsible for major drives and motives, including hunger, thirst, temperature, and sexual behavior.
hypothalamus
is the ability to take in, solidify, store, and then use information.
Memory
processing occurs when one carefully attends to and consciously works at remembering information. Ex. Studying/attention in class.
Effortful
The role of the parasympathetic nervous system is to
return the body to a less active, restful state
brain structure that plays a vital role in learning and memory
hippocampus
is defined as a method used to assign participants to different research conditions to guarantee that all participants have the same chance of being in any specific group.
Random assignment
The _____, an area of the brain, plays a key role in determining the emotional significance of stimuli, especially when they evoke fear.
Amygdala
In the context of the subdisciplines of psychology, which of the following is the study of how people perceive information, how they learn and remember, how they acquire and use language, and how they solve problems?
Cognitive psychology
indicate whether two variables relate to each other and the direction of the relationship.
Means relationship...not causation!
Correlation
A(n) ________ is defined as a research design that includes independent and dependent variables and random assignment of participants to control and experimental groups or conditions.
experiment
is manipulated by an experimenter under controlled conditions.
independent
Tamara's mom repeatedly told her to clean her shoes on the doormat before entering the house. As Tamara refused to comply, her mother revoked her playtime privileges. This led Tamara to stop entering the house with dirty shoes. In this scenario, Tamar's mother used
negative punishment
Forest rangers rescue a 12-year-old girl from a forest in the United States. She does not speak any language and knows only one English word, "scared." The girl was lost in the forest when she was barely two years old, and this severely affected her language development. This scenario best reflects the importance of ________ in language development.
Hint: The case of Genie!
The sensitivity period
What disorder is characterized by a catastrophic or horrifying event. Flashbacks, Easily startled, Hair-trigger tempers, and Reckless, self-destructive.
POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER (PTSD)
Mirza states that people are all essentially the same at birth and that they are the product of their experiences. Mirza's statement reveals that he believes in the _________ of psychology
nurture-only view
The urge to move toward one's goals.
Motivation