The extent to which statistical conclusions derived from a study are accurate and reasonable.
What is Statistical Validity?
100
Relying on a knowledgeable person or groups of people as sources of information to know about the world.
What is trusting authorities?
100
A claim that describes a particular rate or degree of a single variable.
What is a frequency claim?
100
An attribute that varies, having at least two levels or values.
What is a variable?
100
The goal of this research is to enhance the general body of knowledge.
What is basic research?
200
An indication of how well the results of a study generalize to, or represent, individuals or contexts besides those in the study itself.
What is external validity?
200
Relying on personal observations to know about the world.
What is experience?
200
A claim arguing that a specific change in one variable is responsible for influencing the value of another variable.
What is a causal claim?
200
In an experiment, the variable that is measured. Also called an outcome variable.
What is a dependent variable?
200
A prediction. A way of stating the specific outcome the researcher expects to observe if the theory is accurate.
What is a hypothesis?
300
An indication of how well a variable was measured or manipulated in a study.
What is construct validity?
300
Relying on common sense as a source of information. Can have cognitive and/or motivational biases.
What is intuition?
300
A claim about two variables, in which the value (level) of one variable is said to vary systematically with the value of another variable.
What is an association claim?
300
A variable that is manipulated in an experiment.
What is an independent variable?
300
A set of observations.
What is data?
400
One of three criteria for establishing a causal claim; the ability to rule out alternative explanations for a causal relationship between two variables.
What is internal validity?
400
An empirical method of knowing information.
What is research?
400
An association in which high levels of one variable go with low levels of the other variable, and vice versa. Also referred to as inverse.
What is a negative association?
400
A construct that is abstract. Used to discuss theories or report research to the public.
What is a conceptual variable?
400
An explanation. A set of statements that describe general principles about how variables relate to one another.
What is a theory?
500
The appropriateness of a conclusion or decision. A measure of how accurate a study/experiment is in testing a researcher's hypothesis.
What is validity?
500
A source of information based on research that reports the findings of empirical research studies.
What is an empirical journal article?
500
An association win which high levels of one variable go with high levels of the other variable, and low levels of one variable go with low levels of another variable.
What is a positive association?
500
A construct/concept of interest that has been turned into a measured or manipulated variable.
What is an operational variable?
500
This type of research is done with a practical problem in mind. Findings used to address some type of problem in a real-world context.