Overview of the Field
Which approach to personality primarily focuses on the unconscious mind?
Psychoanalytic
What are the two rules for determining a good theory?
Parsimony - The simplest theory that describes the most is the better theory.
Usefulness - Does the theory generate testable hypotheses?
What principle does the ID follow according to Freud?
The Pleasure Principle
What is Repression?
The active effort by ego to push threatening material out of consciousness
Fill in the blanks:
"_____ is NOT _____"
Correlation is NOT Causation
Which approach to personality focuses most on the existential roots of thought and behavior?
[[DAILY DOUBLE]]
Humanistic
What benefit do we get from manipulated variables that we do not get with non-manipulated variables in research?
Which kind of variable does most Personality research utilize?
Causality comes from manipulated (random assign)
(We use non-manipulated)
A Freudian Psychotherapy client starts to feel like their therapy is not helping, and they want to stop coming to their sessions... Under the Freudian approach, what does this mean?
Resistance! They are at the cusp of a breakthrough!
What kind of anxiety is associated with the Superego?
Moral Anxiety
What does the equation "B = f ( P , E )" mean in plain English?
Behavior is a Function of the Person and the Environment.
Which approach to personality focuses on stable patterns over time and the reliability of personality across time and situation.
Trait
What are the 4 types of Reliability?
Briefly describe each.
Test-Retest
Equivalent-Forms
Internal-Consistency
Inter-Rater
What are the components of Freud's Topographic Model?
Conscious
Preconscious
Unconscious
What is one of the most glaring flaws in much of Freud's work?
Subjectivity
What is one of Ian's random hobbies
- Glass Jewelry
- Surrealistic Photography
- Wood Pen-Making
- Fire Breathing
A psychologist from this approach would say the following: "We need to change the way you are thinking about this situation then you will feel better"
Cognitive
What are the 3 (+1) major types of Validity?
Briefly describe each.
Construct: Convergent & Discriminant
Criterion: Concurrent & Predictive
Content (+Face): Rep. of the content domain
What are the components of Freud's Structural Model?
ID
Ego
Superego
What is the purpose of Projective Tests?
Test takers respond to ambiguous stimuli, and their response tells you more about them than the image.
What is the name of Ian's Cat?
[[DAILY DOUBLE]]
Echo!
How might collectivistic and individualistic cultures view the concept of happiness differently?
Individual vs. Group
- Achievement/Success
- Goals/Desires
- Interpretations
What is the relationship between reliability and validity?
The square-root of a test's reliability sets the upper limit for that test's validity.
What are the two primary Triebe according to Freud?
What do they refer to?
Libido
Thanatos
Describe transference and counter-transference
TSF - Displacing of emotions associated with people from past situations onto the therapist.
CTSF - Therapist displacing (transferring) emotions onto the client.
What is Ian's General Dissertation Topic?
Benefits of Nature Contact for Employees