Sensation & Perception
The process by which the brain organizes and interprets sensory information to transform it into meaningful objects and events.
What is perception?
The 24-hour cycle that regulates sleep and wakefulness is called ____.
What is circadian rhythm?
Encoding based on features like color or letters.
What is shallow encoding?
The smallest unit of sound in language.
What is a phoneme?
The inability to form new memories after an injury.
What is anterograde amnesia?
The smallest amount of a stimulus a person can detect is called the ______.
What is the absolute threshold?
REM sleep is associated with vivid dreaming and muscle _____.
What is paralysis?
Remembering the first and last items in a list best demonstrates this effect.
What is the serial position effect?
The theory that language determines thought.
What is linguistic determinism?
People overestimate their accuracy due to ____.
What is the overconfidence bias?
This theory suggests color vision is based on three types of cones that are sensitive to red, green, and blue light.
What is trichromatic theory?
According to the activation-synthesis theory, dreams are ____.
What is random neural activity being interpreted by the brain?
This brain structure plays a large role in the formation of memory.
What is the hippocampus?
The 3 category levels.
What are subordinate, basic, and superordinate?
When you relate new information to your own experiences, you're using ____.
What is self-referential encoding?
Damage to the bones of the middle ear can cause this type of hearing loss.
What is narcolepsy?
Remembering where you were when a major event happened is known as a ____.
What is a flashbulb memory?
The tendency to rely on immediate examples that come to mind.
What is the availability heuristic?
Drugs that slow down the nervous system are classified as _____.
What are depressants?
This theory explains why we see afterimages in opposing colors, like red-green or blue-yellow.
What is opponent process theory?
The brain structure that controls circadian rhythms is the ___.
What is suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)?
When new information interferes with old information.
What is retroactive interference?
Gardner proposed that intelligence is made up of multiple types, including ___.
What is: linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatial, musical, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalistic
The brain's tendency to fill in gaps in sensory information to perceive a complete, familiar form.
What is top-down processing?