Chapter 14
Disorders
Disorders
Study of psychological disorders, including symptoms, etiology, & treatment
Psychopathology
It has recently been proposed that psychopathology reflects a common general factor (similar to general intelligence). what is this factor called?
P factor
a mood disorder characterized by alternating periods of depression and mania
Bipolar Disorder
The most common class of antidepressants used for depression
SSRIs
Therapy pioneered by Freud
psychoanalysis
What does the DSM-5 stand for
diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders
Roger is frequently worried and often has the sense that something bad is about to happen, he can't relate his anxiety to any particular situation or setting. Roger would most likely be diagnosed as having:
generalized anxiety disorder
an anxiety disorder that consists of sudden, overwhelming attacks of terror
Panic disorder
Treatment where a probe is surgically implanted in the brain and acts much like a pace maker, sending electrical signals to specific areas of the brain
Deep brain stimulation
clients recognize maladaptive thought patterns and replace them with ways more in tune with reality.
Cognitive restructuring
a disorder diagnosed in childhood characterized by restlessness, inattentiveness, and impulsiveness.
ADHD
Aaron appears to be confused most of the time has very disorganized speech. He frequently acts childlike and also displays inappropriate emotions, such as the time that he laughed throughout the funeral of his uncle. Aaron would most likely be diagnosed with which disorder?
schizophrenia
The Diathesis-stress model looks at what two factors as it relates to the probability of developing a mental disorder?
Biological and psychosocial (genetic/environment)
Powerful electrical current produces a magnetic field. When rapidly switched on and off, this magnetic field induces an electrical current interrupting neural function in that region.
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
An old treatment technique that involved purposely damaging the prefrontal cortex
lobotomy
Jill claims that multiple “people” with different personalities live inside her body. Which disorder is Karen most likely experiencing?
dissociative identity disorder
A man leaves his apartment to go to the library, and he turns back several times to make sure the door is locked. The man is likely suffering from:
obsessive-compulsive disorder
Jennifer hates being by herself and makes every effort to keep people as emotionally close to her as possible. She has threatened to hurt herself more than once when boyfriends have broken up with her. Jennifer would probably be diagnosed with:
borderline personality disorder
incorporates techniques to correct faulty thinking and change maladaptive behaviors.
Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)
The extensive use of _____ is largely responsible for the dramatic reduction in the number of individuals institutionalized for mental disorders in the latter half of the last century.
medications
A person diagnosed with panic disorder is most likely to develop which of the following additional disorders?
agoraphobia
What is considered the rarest and most extreme form of dissociative amnesia
dissociative fugue
Create dozens of new institutions and helped bring reform efforts to the United States for the mentally ill.
Dorothea Dix
Jenny is in psychotherapy for an eating disorder. Her therapist is warm and supportive and can easily take her perspective. He encourages her to express her thoughts and feelings about her eating issues and does not judge or criticize anything she says. This therapist is using a _____ therapeutic approach.
client-centered therapy
Sam is deathly afraid of flies. His therapist shows him a picture of a fly and has him practice a relaxation exercise in the presence of the picture. Once he is calm, he is shown a plastic fly and he again learns to relax in the presence of this new stimulus. Next, a dead fly is presented and Sam learns to relax while it is in front of him. This is best termed
systematic desensitization