Social Psych/Stress
When you help purely to benefit others.
What is altruism?
A psychological theory depicting human motivation through a five-tier pyramid
Development theories that go by stages (e.g, Piaget's stages) vs. theories that are gradual and cumulative (e.g, Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems).
What are discontinuous vs. continuous theories of development?
The book is used clinically to diagnose psychological disorders.
What is the DSM-5?
Biological, developmental, mental health, social/personality, cognitive.
What are the five domains of psychology?
Alarm reaction, stage of resistance, exhaustion.
What is Selye's GAS (General Adaptation Syndrome)?
A defense mechanism involving blaming others for your own feelings.
What is projection?
A theory in which a child’s pleasure-seeking urges are focused on specific zones of the body -- erogenous zones.
What is Freud's Psychosexual Stages?
Characterized by intense, illogical fear of a specific concept, thing, or idea.
What are phobias?
Knowledge/data based on observation and evidence
What is empirical data?
A phenomenon in which individuals are less likely to offer help to a person in distress when other people are present
What is the bystander effect?
A defense mechanism involving not being able to remember what caused distress.
In the Strange Situations experiment, children with THIS ATTACHMENT STYLE were not too distressed when parents left the room, and were easily comforted by their return.
What is secure attachment?
The technical term for having two or more disorders at once.
What is a comorbidity?
Meaning “whole,” the human mind must be viewed as a whole existence rather than parts
What is Gestalt theory?
Dr. Walter B. Cannon's theory of how we react when presented with a perceived threat.
What is fight-or-flight?
In contrast to an individualist culture, this type of culture emphasizes social cohesion, interdependence, and placing the goals of the group before personal desires.
What is a collectivist culture?
Used to explain cognitive development, the idea that matter can exist in different sizes and shapes (e.g, the same amount of milk can be in a short vs. tall glass).
What is conservation?
A type of therapy where the main goal is to change cognitive distortions and self-defeating behaviors.
What is CBT (cognitive behavioral therapy)?
Known as the father of psychology
Who is Wilhelm Wundt?
Psychological discomfort that arises from holding two or more inconsistent attitudes, behaviors, or thought processes.
What is cognitive dissonance?
The five personality tenants making up the Big Five acronym OCEAN.
Openness, Conscientiousness, Extroversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism.
Cognitive development is influenced by surrounding culture and language, and that our psychological growth is guided by our mentors
What is Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Development Theory?
Unpleasant stimulus is paired with a behavior, and hopefully it stops the behavior; also known as aversive conditioning
What is counterconditioning?
The two main schools of psychology; the first operates upon the purpose of consciousness and behavior, individual differences, and influence on the educational system, and the second is a study focused on observing and controlling behavior.
What is functionalism vs. behaviorism?