Vygotsky's Sociocultural Theory
Approaches to Teaching
Cognitive Artifacts
Social Origins of Cognitive Competencies
Cultural Context
100
The development of individuals over their lifetime.
What is the ontogenetic level?
100
The difference between a child's ability on their own and the ability they can achieve with guidance
What is the Zone of Proximal Development?
100
Cultural tools for thinking and solving problems
What are Cognitive Artifacts?
100
The idea that cognition occurs on the social plane (between individuals) and (later) the psychological plane
What is Vygotsky's general genetic law of cultural development?
100
Provision of basic human needs: nutrition, safety, and social interaction
What is the species-typical learning environment?
200
The process of the change over evolutionary time.
What is the phylogenetic level?
200
Opportunities to learn by doing, for example accompanying parents in their work
What is Apprenticeship?
200
Computers, smartphones, shovels, rakes, string, fishing equipment, chairs, bowls, methods of transport, etc.
What are physical artifacts?
200
The idea that cognition is defined only along the psychological plane.
What are innate representational constraints?
200
Nature and nurture according to Vygotsky
What are evolution and culture?
300
Changes take place across generations
What is Sociohistorical change?
300
Providing guidance through unstructured, everyday activities
What is Guided Participation?
300
Languages, values, religion, spiritual practices, procedures for solving problems (e.g., use of mental imagery)
What are mental artifacts?
300
The process by which children acquire knowledge from their parents
What is a collaborative parent-child relationship?
300
What the child becomes in life is in part in expectation of the species typical environment and the selection pressures of the culture.
Why are development and cultural context inseparable?
400
Changes over a very brief period of time
What is the Microgenetic level?
400
In structured settings, providing just enough help to support children's level of understanding.
What is Scaffolding?
400
An intergenerational history of traditional recipes and cooking strategies.
What are mental artifacts?
400
An important feature that indicates when a child is particularly ready to learn.
What is self-initiated discovery?
400
The recurring pattern of behaviors and views within a community, which are passed down and changed over generations
What is culture?
500
How does cultural context influence cognitive development?
500
Providing direction to children to help them develop problem solving skills
What are Guided Participation and Scaffolding?
500
The means of transmitting cognitive artifacts across generations.
What is social interaction?
500
The idea that the social and cultural context in which children grow up can shape the types of skills and competencies that are valued and developed.
What is Vygotsky's general genetic law of cultural development?
500
Children develop similarly to their peers because of how they are influenced by a rich sociocultural environment
Why are development and cultural context inseparable?