Memory Terms
The process of inputting information into the memory system is called this.
What is encoding?
This is the first stage of memory that briefly holds sensory input.
What is sensory memory?
This part of the brain processes emotional memories and is involved in fear.
What is the amygdala?
This occurs when we fail to encode information in the first place.
What is encoding failure?
Repeating information to either hold it or move it from short-term to long-term memory.
What is rehearsal?
Encoding that happens automatically without effort or awareness.
What is automatic processing?
This type of memory holds information for 15–30 seconds.
What is short-term memory?
This brain structure is crucial for forming new explicit memories.
What is the hippocampus?
This distortion results in false memories.
What is suggestibility?
Organizing information into meaningful groups to improve memory.
What is chunking?
The type of processing used when studying for a test or learning new information.
What is effortful processing?
Procedural, priming, and emotional conditioning are all forms of this type of memory.
What is implicit memory?
This memory is an exceptionally clear recollection of an important event.
What is a flashbulb memory?
This phenomenon occurs when new information hinders recall of older information.
What is retroactive interference?
Using vivid imagery or acronyms to help encode information.
What is a mnemonic device?
This type of retrieval can occur when taking a multiple choice test.
What is recognition?
This type of memory is virtually unlimited in capacity and duration.
What is long-term memory?
This brain region processes procedural memories like riding a bike.
What is the cerebellum?
H.M. did not have this type of amnesia, which results in being unable to recall some or all past memories
What is retrograde amnesia?
This effect helps you remember things better when they relate to yourself.
What is the self-reference effect?
These researchers proposed a working memory model composed of a visuospatial sketchpad, an episodic buffer, a phonological loop, and a central executive.
Who are Baddeley and Hitch?
Memory for facts and knowledge is this type of explicit memory.
What is semantic memory?
This part of the frontal lobe is very active during semantic tasks, specifically during encoding phases.
What is the left inferior prefrontal cortex?
Schacter’s “seven sins” of memory include this error where memories cannot be accessed, as in the “tip of the tongue” effect.
What is blocking?
This type of exercise is related to improvements in memory.
What is aerobic exercise?