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Mary Ainsworth used this to classify infant attachment.
What is the strange situation?
This emotion was identified by Paul Ekman as a core or “basic” emotion but other theorists say it is too similar to fear to be considered a basic emotion
What is surprise?
Psychologists with this perspective examine how people think and understand the world
What is the Cognitive perspective?
This type of parenting is firm, sets limits and goals, uses reasoning, and encourages independence.
What is authoritative parenting?
This was believed to underlie performance in every aspect of intelligence
What is the G factor?
This is the process of changing a schema based on new information that is different from what was already known.
What is accommodation?
Psychologists in this subfield are interested in changes in social behavior as children age
What is Developmental Psychology?
These are biologically determined inborn patterns of behavior
What are instincts?
This reflects information-processing capabilities
What is fluid intelligence?
These have both physiological and cognitive influences on behavior
What are emotions?
This type of research does NOT prove causation
What is correlational research?
In this type of research, a psychologist observes behavior outside of the laboratory
What is naturalistic observation?
Most standard tests of intelligence measure this type of intelligence
What is analytical/verbal/subject-based intelligence?
Maslow suggests that this is the highest order of need
What is self-actualization?
This is the positive emotion of the 5 basic emotions
What is happiness?
Experimenters have a low amount of control in this type of research
What is descriptive research?
These two fields of psychology are considered applied psychology
What are Clinical and Industrial-Organizational (I/O) Psychology?
A test is ______ and _____ if it measures what it is supposed to every time a person takes it.
What is valid AND reliable?
Someone who strives to do the best they can without external rewards has this type of motivation
What is intrinsic motivation?
This is thought to be cognitively based and present across cultures from birth
What is the facial affect program?
These are broad ideas that psychologists consider while forming hypotheses
What are theories?
The finding that people become happier as they get older is this type of relationship
What is a positive correlation?
IQ Test scores use these to determine if someone is mentally handicapped or intellectually gifted
What is cognitive appraisal?
The Schachter-Singer theory states that physiological arousal and ________ influence our emotional experience
What is cognitive appraisal?
This hypothesis helps determine how people experience and label emotions
What is the facial feedback hypothesis?