Psychology as a Science
A ___ is an empirically testable statement about an expected outcome from specific conditions or assumptions.
hypothesis
Sensory memory that is acquired via eyesight.
Iconic memory
The process of adding a desirable stimulus, to increase the future likelihood of a specified desirable behavior.
Positive Reinforcement
Mark chooses not to steal from the store because it's against the law and violates social norms. What stage of moral development is he demonstrating?
A. Preconventional C. Postconventional
B. Conventional
B. Conventional
A ___ is a conceptual system including multiple concepts and the relations between them.
theory
What are the three steps of memory?
Encoding, storage and retrieval
John places a bowl of cattle feed in front of a calf and it begins to salivate. What factor below is being shown in this example?
A. Conditioned Response C. Unconditioned Response
B. Unconditioned Stimulus D. Conditioned Stimulus
B. Unconditioned Stimulus
and
C. Unconditioned Response
List the three stages of prenatal development
Germinal, Embryonic, Fetal
The quality of being disprovable; i.e., capable of being disproven.
Falsifiability
This process describes splicing large amounts of information into smaller and more digestible pieces in order to make recall easier and increase the amount of information you can hold in your working memory.
Chunking
___ is the process in which we develop automatic responses to arbitrary stimuli, because those arbitrary stimuli have been repeatedly presented with other stimuli that already naturally evoked those automatic responses from us.
Classical conditioning
Sensorimotor, Preoperational, Concrete, Formal, and Post-Formal are all stages of what?
Cognitive Development
Something ___ is verifiably based on observation and experience, rather than mere speculation or reasoning.
empirical
The process of retrieving information from your memory repeatedly across time.
Temporally-spaced retrieval
aka temporally-spaced recall
aka spaced retrieval/practice
aka distributed retrieval/recall
If you receive a reward for passing a performance quality inspection at your company, but you never know what day of the month the inspection will occur, what type of schedule of reinforcement is that?
Variable interval schedule of reinforcement.
Personal Fable
A ___ person doesn't believe some reasonable claims, despite mountains of valid evidence supporting those claims, because they distrust the sources of the claims/evidence.
cynical
This is the filter that determines whether or not sensory information is transferred into working memory.
attention
___ is the process in which the likelihood of a person repeating some behavior in the future is influenced by rewards or punishments they received in the past for that same behavior.
operant conditioning
Theory that describes how people decide what they value in life depending on how much time they have left to live.
Socioemotional Selectivity Theory