What condition my condition is in (Classical & Operant Conditioning)
You'll never learn! (Learning theory)
Mind your Memory
Don't forget to remember! (Forgetting theories)
Memory Tips and Tricks!
100
You can use this conditioning/association technique to train dogs to drool (or Dwight to crave a mint).
What is classical conditioning?
100
This kind of learning depends on observations and imitations of others' behavior.
What is social learning?
100
These are the THREE processes of memory.
What are encoding, storage, and retrieval?
100
When microscopic changes occur in your brain, this may lead to the loss of memory traces. This process of deterioration is called _____.
What is storage decay?
100
When you use *this* kind of practice (the opposite of cramming), and space out your studying over a long period of time, your recall will be much better.
What is distributed practice?
200
In operant conditioning, these are anything that are designed to INCREASE a desired behavior.
What are reinforcements (or rewards)?
200
The process by which animals are often trained, rewarding behaviors as they get closer to a complex target behavior.
What is shaping?
200
This is the "magic" capacity of human working memory, as discovered by George Miller.
What is 7, plus or minus 2?
200
If you're not paying attention in the first place when exposed to information, there is likely a failure in *this* stage of the memory process.
What is "encoding?"
200
This is the process of combining longer lists of items into smaller, more manageable units.
What is "chunking?"
300
In Operant Conditioning terms, when you ADD something to the environment in hopes of DECREASING a behavior.
What is positive punishment?
300
Research tells us that this parenting technique gets LESS effective at stopping behavior when it is used (often accidentally).
What is negative reinforcement?
300
This memory system requires effortful processing and an intentional attempt to encode information.
What is explicit memory?
300
This memory error occurs when we know we have something in long-term memory, but cannot find the right retrieval cue to recover this information.
What is the "tip of the tongue phenomenon?"
300
This fancy word just refers to memory assisting techniques that use vivid imagery or memorable organizational tricks for new information.
What are "mnemonics"? (or mnemonic techniques, or "mnemonic devices")
400
In classical conditioning, this happens if a person/animal learns NOT to respond to other stimuli that are similar to the Conditioned Stimulus.
What is discrimination?
400
Psychologists can treat phobias by exposing people to the feared object until it no longer scares them; it works based on *this* classical conditioning principle.
What is extinction?
400
This term refers to vivid, emotionally-charged memories created (in part) by the amygdala.
What are flashbulb memories?
400
This occurs when newly-learned information gets in the way of your ability to remember previously-learned information.
What is retroactive interference?
400
This strategy requires you to check your memory regularly while you study, but will definitely increase your recall later.
What is repeated self-testing?
500
This kind of reinforcement schedule leads to the most rapid increases in the target behavior (partly why it's so popular in casinos).
What is variable ratio reinforcement?
500
This psychologist's famous experiment showed that kids will act aggressively after observing aggressive behavior in a model.
Who is Albert Bandura?
500
This term refers to reminders and "hints" that help us to recall information that we have stored in long-term memory.
What are retrieval cues?
500
This is the process by which memories can be altered or corrupted through leading questions or other faulty cues.
What is "the misinformation effect?"
500
This theory suggests that your recall will be much better if the context where you study is very similar to the context where you have to recall the information.
What is context-specific memory (or encoding specificity)?