Lecture 1-2
Which of the following is not true about Piaget's stages of cognitive development
a) there are 4 stages
b) each stage builds on the previous
c) children vary in the order they progress through the stages
d) cognitive development ends at 12 years old
c) children vary in the order they progress through the stages -- this is false. According to Piaget, all children go through the same stages in the same order
Daniela has just started school and is making friends. In Bronfenbrenner's model, this would be part of the _____.
Microsystem - direct, immediate relationships, interactions (e.g. parents, family, friends)
This model is used to simulate information processing in order to predict behavior, when given various pieces of information. Everything in the system is random at first, but it learns and changes over trial and error.
Connectionist Model
Dennis is thinking about his childhood and can't seem to remember anything before the age of 3. He has experienced ____ ____.
Infantile amnesia
Sam and Ellie are discussing Piaget's theory, Sam says that Piaget's work pays close attention to culture, context, and environment; meanwhile Ellie shares that Piaget's ideas are too dependent on western schooling. Whose statement is accurate?
Ellie's statement is accurate; both of these statements (among others) are criticisms of Piaget
Chris is in the kitchen and watches his grandma cook dinner for the family, she begins to give him tasks. This is a form of ____ _____.
guided participation
Andrea is an infant learning to crawl. According to this model, there are many processes happening simultaneously that work together to achieve this goal across multiple timescales.
Dynamic systems model
Melissa is telling her mother a story about an experience she had when she was younger, her mother begins to fill in information and confirm some of what Melissa shares. Her mother has a ____ _____ style of scaffolding memories.
high elaborative
Rodrigo can now pass the conservation tasks, but still has difficulty thinking abstractly. According to Piaget, what stage is Rodrigo most likely in?
Concrete operational stage (7-12 years old)
According to domain-specific nativist theory, why would an infant be surprised to see a ball disappear in mid air?
Seeing this would violate the key principles of the domain of objects in the core knowledge system
cohesion (objects can move across space/time without disintegrating), continuity (objects don’t disappear into thin air), contact (objects only move when something touches them)
Jeremy is a newborn baby, what is his most developed sense?
hearing
Spelke (1976) showed 4mo infants a video of a person drumming and a video of a person playing peekaboo simultaneously, all while drum beat sounds were playing -- With this study, these researchers were investigating ______.
Intersensory integration
Jenny knows what a dog is, but encounters a cat for the first time and says it's a dog. Her dad tells her that the new animal is not a dog, but a cat. According to Piaget, Jenny will now ___ this new information and change her existing schemas.
Accommodate/Accommodation
Ms. Gutierrez is a 5th grade math teacher. She notices that some students do really well with the current topic, and others struggle. She plans a group activity and pairs some of the more knowledgeable students with students who are struggling. According to Vygotsky, Ms. Gutierrez is _______.
scaffolding within the Zone of Proximal Development
Babies that are 6 months old are able to discriminate between novel monkey faces, but by 9 months old, they can no longer do this. This is referred to as _____.
perceptual narrowing