Color Perception
Light intensities that are bright enough to stimulate the cone receptor and bright enough to saturate the rod receptor to the maximum responses
Photopic (environments)
Binocular disparity
Focusing on a specific subset of stimuli and filtering out others is called
Selective attention
What is the illusory impression of smooth motion resulting from the rapid alteration of objects that appear in different locations in rapid succession?
Apparent motion
How motions in cartoons look real.
Name the two categories of depth cues
monocular depth cue
binocular depth cue
What are the three steps to color detection
Detection (photoreceptor)
Discrimination (ganglion Cells and LGN)
Appearance (Cortex)
Visual cue that causes distant objects to appear fuzzy and have a blue tint due to light scatter through the atmosphere
Arial perspective
Is this a monocular or binocular visual cue? Why?
In a conjunction search, the target is defined by conjunction of ______ features. (number)
Two or more (pop out)
Feature search: defined by one feature (do not pop out)
Name the part of the brain that is responsible for global motion
Middle temporal area (MT)
When an object is close, your eyes will ______. When it is far, your eyes will _____.
Converge; diverge
What does this mean?
If light a and light b are both reflected from a surface to the eye, the effects of those two lights add together. This is called the _____
Additive Color Mixture
Why do some color combinations result in additive color mixture, while others result in subtractive color mixture?
Correspondence Problem
Does a conjunction search take longer when the target is present or absent?
Absent.
The superior rectus is the muscle on our eye that allows us to look in which direction?
look up
First order motion is the motion of an object that is defined by changes in ______.
Luminance
Second order motions defined by changes in contrast or texture.
According to the opponent color theory, Perception of color is based on the output of which three opponent mechanisms?
Red - Green
Blue - Yellow
White - Black
Evidence for Opponent Color Theory
■Colors you can see at the same time
–Never red and green (reddish green), never blue and yellow (bluish yellow).
■Pattern of color vision deficiencies
■Hue cancellation experiment
■Afterimages (successive contrast)
■Simultaneous color contrast
In your visual field, you see two baseballs. One appears much larger than the other, even though you know they are the same size. You can tell which one is closer using the monocular visual cue, _____.
Relative Size
Your _______ responds strongly when you view a face. Your _______ responds strongly when you view another item like a house.
Fusiform Face Area (FFA); Parahippocampal place area (PPA)
Akinetopsia is the inability to perceive motion. This occurs when there is a disruption to the area MT. What are 2 ways that the MT could be disrupted?
Stroke
Surgery
Side effects of prescription drug such as antidepressant
Using the ______ pathway of attention, you can only see a percentage of an image, but see it in great detail, noticing things like color, orientation, size, depth, and motion. On the other hand, using the ______ pathway of attention, you can get a grasp of the whole image and get the "gist" of what it is, but do not notice things in great detail.
Selective; Nonselective
How do we solve the problem of univariance?
Using S-cones, M-cones, and L-cones
Imaginary circle that passes through the fixation point; surface of zero disparity
Horopter
What happens when an object does not fall on the horopter?
You are given the task of counting how many times a basketball team passes the ball within a certain play. During the task, a monkey runs in the background of the court. You fail to notice the monkey because you were too focused on the task. This is likely due to _____.
Inattentional Blindness
Voluntary eye movements include _____ and blank. _____ is an involuntary eye movement. ______ is sometimes voluntary and sometimes involuntary
Smooth pursuit: smooth movement of the eye to follow a moving object
Vergence: Convergence and divergence
Microsaccade: small jerk-like eye movement; typically happens during prolonged fixation.
Saccade: fast jump of eye to shift our fixation point from one location to another.
What is defined as a private conscious experience of sensation and perception?
Qualia
Is my blue the same as yours?