This is the field cognitive psychology grew from back in Ancient Greece.
What is philosophy.
100
This is the approach to cognitive psychology that measures the relationship between stimulus, behavior, and brain activity.
What is the physiological approach.
100
This is the imprint of the environment on our nervous system; stimulation of sensory receptors (eyes, ears, skin) caused by the environment.
What is sensation.
100
These are the two key properties of attention.
What are limited and selective.
200
Aristotle believed this organ was originally responsible for consciousness.
What is the heart.
200
These are the lobes of the brain and their general function.
What are parietal (sensory-motor), temporal (sound and comprehension), occipital (vision), and frontal (reasoning, planning, executive control).
200
This is our conscious experience of stimuli; the process of interpreting and understanding sensory information.
What is perception.
200
This is the type of attention that allows focus on one specific location, object, or message.
What is selected attention.
300
By applying this to the exploration of questions of the mind, cognition transferred from a philosophical to a scientific endeavor.
What is the scientific method.
300
Neurons communicate via __________.
What are action potentials.
300
These two components influence perception.
What are the environment and knowledge.
300
Treisman (1964) revised Broadbent's early filter theory of attention by developing the attenuation theory of attention following the "Dear" "Aunt" "Jane" experiments. Rather than a filter, he proposed three types of information was attenuated before being processed. What are the three types of information?
What are pitch, language, meaning.
400
Hermann von Helmhotlz was responsible for the notion that perceptions are a result of unconscious assumptions about our environment. He labeled this phenomenon ________.
What is unconscious inference.
400
Some areas of the brain are specialized for certain processes (e.g., Wernicke's Area and Broca's Area). What is this phenomenon called?
What is localization of function.
400
These are the three primary characteristics of the nature of perception.
What are:
1. Change (based on added information)
2. Involve a process (resembles reasoning)
3. Occurs in conjunction with Action (shifting attention)
400
These are a person's cognitive capacity needed to complete a task.
What are cognitive resources.
500
John Watson led a shift from the study of the unconscious to the study of _______. From this new trend grew understanding of classical conditioning in the Little Albert experiments.
What is behavior.
500
This is the most common technique used for brain imaging today as it poses the least threat to the patient and has high resolution images.
What is fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging).
500
Recognition-by-components theory assumes that we perceive objects by perceiving elementary features known as what?
What are geons.
500
This is the knowledge about what is contained in typical scenes. It is a top-down feature of attention that influences bottom-up processing (e.g., information from your eyes).