Social Cognition
What is social cognition?
Mental activity that relates to social activity and helps us to meet the goal of understanding and predicting the behavior of ourselves and others.
Information processing allows us to think quickly and draw easy shortcuts.
Concepts that explain how people assess and assign behaviors to events and outcomes.
Attribution Theory
Fundamental attribution error...
Failure to identify situational influences, instead emphasizing an individual's behaviors as a sign of their character.
Knowledge structure consisting of any body of information that is stored and used to help us construe events.
Being consciously aware of the mind and performing complex operations.
Deliberate System
Judgements of frequency or probability are based on how readily instances come to mind.
Availability
If only...
Counterfactual thinking
The tendency to view neutral or ambiguous interactions as one that is negatively targeted.
Hostile attribution bias
Nyan Cat
Salience
List 1 way that social cognition influences judgement
Possible Answers:
1)Judgements are only as accurate as the information that is available to us.
2)The way we are presented information influences how we make judgements
3)Information to make judgements is learned both passively and intentionally.
4)Preexisting knowledge and mental habits influence how we construct information.
Relying heavily on the first piece of information to make estimations or judgements.
Representativeness
Independent culture & Attribution
Making judgements and assessments that lead to the decision to attend to and consider the context.
Tendency to attribute failure and misfortune as the fault of others, while attributing success and positive outcomes to oneself.
Self-serving attributional bias
This is known as the existing knowledge that influences new conflicting knowledge. We alter this knowledge to make it fix current schemas better.
Assimilation
Which areas of the brain do schema’s primarily reside in?
Prefrontal Cortex
There are two kinds of priming types...
Subliminal priming is below level conscious priming.
Supraliminal priming at a conscious level.
We assign reduced weight to a specific cause if there are other plausible factors that might be an influence/producer.
Discounting Principle
"You're just like me" villain-hero speeches in movies represents which bias/difference?
Actor-observer differences
Majority of individual group members misestimate that others within the group disagree with them, and act inline with this misestimation regardless of personal beliefs
Pluralistic Ignorance
Define the white bear experiment. Describe the steps taken to complete the experiment, what the experiment demonstrates, and at least 1 way you can counteract the effects of the experiment.
Don't think about the white bear...
A theory proposed to account for intentional and counter intentional effects.
Ironic Processing
List and define the 8 explanatory styles.
External - aspect of environment of others
Stable - Has occurred or will occur again
Unstable - Atypical/out of ordinary
Situational - External aspects that are best used to describe behaviors
Dispositional - Behaviors are explained by internal aspects
Where biases and attributions begin(list 2).
-Heuristics fail us
-Situational ambiguity or uncertainty
-Failing to identify other factors
Recency Effect
Remembering/recalling information that was more recently learned.