Science
Which variable is controlled and manipulated by an experimenter?
Independent Variable
Stalking behavior in cats, or feeding behavior in infants are examples of what type of behavior?
Instincts
What is the main idea of social learning theory?
New behaviors are learned by observing others
A relatively permanent change in behavior or knowledge that results from experience.
Learning
Belief that people can change aspects of themselves and are capable of learning and growing from setbacks and challenges.
Growth Mindset
Within an experimental design, the group that does not have exposure to the independent variable is known as the ______.
Control Group
Which type of conditioning is behavior motivated by it's consequences?
Operant conditioning
What was demonstrated by Harlowe’s Monkey Experiment (with the Terry Cloth and Wire Monkeys)?
That the infant-mother bond is not only determined by physiological needs, maternal contact is important.
Encompasses the processes associated with perception, knowledge, problem solving, judgment, language, and memory.
Cognition
In Erickson's Stages of Psychosocial Development, identity vs. role confusion happens during what time in a person's life?
Adolescence
A well-developed set of ideas that proposes an explanation for observed phenomena.
Theory
A teenager gets a new videogame for getting straight A's. This is an example of:
Positive Reinforcement
Which childhood attachment style overtly displays fear?
insecure-disorganized
A child might learn how to complete a math problem in class, but this learning is not immediately apparent. This is an example of:
Latent Learning
The cases of Genie Wiley and other “feral children” have provided the most information about the critical periods for what cognitive process?
Language Development
The number of ice cream sales is correlated with homicides. Does this mean ice cream sales lead to higher homicide rates? Why or why not?
No, correlation does not imply causation
A child is spanked for bad behavior. This is an example of:
Positive Punishment
Mary Ainsworth used "the strange situation" to demonstrate what?
4 types of infant attachment: secure, insecure-avoidant, insecure-ambivalent resistant, and insecure-disorganized.
A mental framework that helps individuals organize, process, and store information about their environment.
Schema
Kohlberg's theory of __________ is a theory that focuses on how children develop morality and moral reasoning.
moral development
A researcher studies a particular subject to learn more about their behaviors in a(n) _______.
Case Study
Provide an example of an extrinsic motivator.
Examples: Money, Praise, Candy etc.
During elections, people tend to seek information that paints the candidate they support in a positive light, and ignore the negative. This is an example of:
Confirmation Bias
Describe the difference between Fluid Intelligence and Crystallized Intelligence.
Fluid Intelligence describes the ability to draw novel links between information and to effectively solve problems. Crystallized Intelligence describes acquired knowledge and the ability to retrieve it
Genie learned words like "dog" or "house" but wasn't able to fully develop sentences or language as a whole. Therefore, she learned the words contained in a language called ______, opposed to grammar.
lexicon