Parenting
Low control, high freedom, warmth, and nurturance
Permissive
Learning about your cultural background from your parents
Vertical Transmission
Responsible for speech production in the brain around the frontal lobe
Broca’s Area
Identification with both cultures
Integration
This parenting style, according to research on American children specifically, is related to more positive personal- social, and intellectual outcomes
Authoritative
Uninvolved
Learning slang from your childhood friends on the playground
Horizontal Transmission
A temporary decline in thinking ability because of speaking a foreign language
Foreign Language Effect
Low enculturation but high acculturation
Assimilation
By this age, you are able to detect more complexity and nuance in languages
15 years old
High control, fair demands, maintain warmth and affection
Authoritative
a time range in our development that allows for easy acquisition of a set of skills
Sensitive Periods
Going back/forth between cultural meaning systems when switching languages
Code Frame Switching
Maintain exclusive identification with the culture of origin
Separation
The act of cultural socialization of the majority culture. In this case, it refers to an immigrant integrating into a new culture.
Acculturation (Assimilation is also valid)
High rules and obedience, low warmth, and responsiveness
Authoritarian
Influences from family, peers, education, institutions
Socialization Agents
Different languages affect how we think
Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis
A 5-year-old Mexican immigrant to the U.S. forgetting their Spanish and only speaking English
Assimilation
There is cultural variation in how close or far you feel comfortable with someone being. This specific distance is approximately 12 feet apart
Public Distance
Specific authoritarian parenting with an emphasis on getting “A’s” in class, helicopter parenting, and hyper-control
Tiger Mom
Cultural Transmission with other adults instead of parents
Oblique Transmission
The tendency to affiliate with cultural values and beliefs associated with salient language
Culture Affiliation Hypothesis
This method of acculturation has the most negative outcomes for an individual
Marginalization
The area in the brain toward the frontal lobe responsible for speech production
Broca’s area