Sensation and Perception
This term refers to the way that sensory information is interpreted and consciously experienced.
sensation, perception, or semantic
What is perception?
Famous for classical conditioning experiments, this individual is best known for his work with dogs.
Ivan Pavlov, Sigmund Freud, or Jean Piaget
Who is Ivan Pavlov?
Kay cuts her foot while hiking. She forgot to pack bandages but she has a tube of superglue and uses that to seal the wound. Kay's ability to invent a solution uses the ________ intelligence component of Steinberg's triarchic theory of intelligence.
creative, fluid, or crystallized
What is creative?
This is the process of recording, storing, and retrieving experiences.
consciousness, memory, or motivation
What is memory?
This term refers to what happens when sensory information is detected by a sensory receptor.
sensation, perception, or semantic
What is sensation?
This is the process in which the qualities of a sensory stimulus are converted into nerve impulses.
sensory adaptation, transduction, or conversion
What is transduction?
Gabrielle watches her father put batteries into her toy phone and she is then able to put the batteries into the toy phone herself without further instructions from her father. This scenario represents this type of learning.
operant conditioning, observational learning, or classical conditioning
What is observational learning?
This concept is a type of mental set where you cannot perceive an object being used for something other than what is was designed for.
anchoring bias, hindsight bias, or functional fixedness
What is functional fixedness?
You see a television commercial for a product you may want to buy and there is a telephone number you must call to place an order. Since you don't have anything with which to write down the number, you repeat it to yourself over and over again until you feel like you won't forget it. This process is called ________.
chunking, distributed practice, or rehearsal
What is rehearsal?
This type of amnesia refers to a condition in which a person can remember previously encoded memories but cannot encode new ones.
retrograde, proactive, or anterograde
What is anterograde amnesia?
This term describes the continuation of a visual sensation after removal of the stimulus.
afterimage, preimage, or monocular image
What is afterimage?
Created by B.F. Skinner, this chamber isolates the subject from the external environment and has a behavior indicator such as a lever or a button.
Skinner rectangle, Skinner square, or Skinner box
What is the Skinner box?
This encompasses the process associated with perception, knowledge, problem solving, judgement, language, and memory.
schema, personality, or cognition
What is cognition?
Your memory of how to ride a bicycle is probably something that you don't actively think about while you're riding. You just sort of "do it" without thinking of how you do it. This is an example of a(n) ________ memory.
explicit, implicit, or sensory
What is implicit memory?
The type of intelligence that involves seeing complex relationships and solving problems is ________ intelligence.
crystallized, fluid, or applied
What is fluid intelligence?
Catherine is at a crowded baseball game when she loses track of her son, Nick. Despite the loud cheering and noise of the crowd, she can pinpoint his location when he calls for her because she can distinguish the sound of his voice from all the other voices. This illustrates ________ theory.
absolute threshold, Weber's, or signal detection
What is signal detection?
This individual is known for using Little Albert in his studies on human emotion.
John Watson, B.F. Skinner, or Ivan Pavlov
Who is John Watson?
The Vikings had a rough season with JJ McCarthy and Sam Darnold won the Super Bowl with the Seahawks. All of Minnesota is convinced that this was a predictable event. The scenario represents this type of bias.
hindsight, representational, or anchoring
What is hindsight bias?
This kind of memory involves storage of brief events such as sights, sounds, and tastes.
sensory, procedural, or effortful
What is sensory?
After a hurricane warning came across the television, young Eli became terrified of the alarm sound that signaled a severe weather warning. Over the next few months he heard several times when the "required monthly tests" came on the television and his fear faded away. One day the alarm sounded and Eli jumped up and ran out of the room. This return of a previously extinguished response is called ________.
second-level conditioning, spontaneous recovery, or latent learning
What is spontaneous recovery?
This nerve carries visual information from the retina to the brain.
What is the optic nerve?
Julie tells a lie and is grounded. She does this several times, finally learning that her behavior (lying) is associated with a consequence (being grounded). Julie's scenario is an example of this kind of learning.
What is operant conditioning?
Samara meets a nurse. She immediately assumes she is able to help care for sick people, works long hours, and dispenses advice about illness because her ________ schema suggests that nurses behave this way.
What is role schema?
Elena finds it very difficult to remember a long string of numbers, so she tries to memorize three numbers at a time. Later, she is able to repeat the numbers correctly because she grouped the numbers into more manageable groups of three. This scenario is an example of this memory enhancing technique.
What is chunking?
Dave's boss told him that he doesn't have to attend the company picnic (no one likes the company picnic) if he meets his sales quota for the month. Dave's boss is using ________.
What is negative reinforcement?