Chapter 7
What are two differences between Persistent Depressive Disorder (PDD) and Major Depressive Disorder (PDD)?
PDD is longer lasting (two years with two-month increments at least) and is less severe than MDD.
List at least one criteria for substance use disorder.
At least two criteria are present for a one year period, which can be mild, moderate, or severe:
Persistent problems decreasing use of a drug
Developing tolerance and withdrawal symptoms
Continuing to take the drug even with negative consequences (e.g. health issues, problems at work)
Difficulty fulfilling roles in society (e.g. employed, being a parent or family member)
List at least one symptom of gender dysphoria?
Strong desire to be a member of the other gender or strongly expressing the belief that one is a member of the other gender (or of some alternative gender)
Strong preferences for playing with members of the other gender and for toys, games, and activities associated with the other gender
Strong feelings of disgust and personal distress about one’s sexual anatomy
Strong desires to have physical characteristics (i.e., primary or secondary sexual characteristics) associated with one’s experienced gender
Strong preferences for assuming roles of the other gender in make-believe or fantasy play
S. is a male client who presents with a flat affect, obsesses over alien existence, and is more interested in spending time with his cat than other people. Which personality disorder might S. have?
Schizoid personality disorder
M. is a 6-year-old boy who is struggling with communicating with others. M. struggles with social skills such as understanding how to play with other children appropriately. He also had a language delay and has difficulties with sensory input such as loud noises and bright lights. M. might have which childhood disorder?
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Y. is a 19-year-old college student who has been suffering from low self-esteem, thoughts of suicide, excessive feelings of guilt, low energy, and sleep disturbances for the past two weeks which have severely impaired functioning. Y. might have which mood disorder?
MDD
List at least one cause of addiction.
Routine use, experimentation, physiological and/or psychological dependence, dopamine and opiate receptor depletion, trauma, life stressors, classical conditioning, poor coping skills
List at least one treatment for eating disorders.
●Hospitalization to monitor client’s weight, eating habits, and weight loss
●CBT to challenge cognitive distortions about physical appearance
●Exposure with Response Prevention-for Bulimia which therapist will watch client eat “forbidden foods” and help them work through their urges to purge food
●SSRIs for Bulimia (not nearly as useful for people with Anorexia)
●Psychodynamic and Interpersonal therapies-to allow clients to work through their negative thoughts and build relationships with others
L. engages in aggressive behavior towards others, has a criminal history of theft, and can appear superficially charming. L. has difficulty taking responsibility for his behavior and tends to blame others for his mistakes. L. might have which personality disorder?
Antisocial personaity disorder
C. is a 10-year-old girl who is struggling with paying attention in class. She draws and daydreams often in class, and when called upon in class, C. tends to appear distracted. C. might have which childhood disorder?
ADHD
What are common evidence-based treatments for depression and Bipolar disorder?
List at least one treatment for addiction.
Detoxification
residential treatment
Contingency management programs
Relapse prevention training
Alcoholics Anonymous
Family Therapy
List one treatment for gender dysphoria.
Medical procedures
Hormone therapy
T. is a 30-year-old male who has unstable relationships with others, particularly romantic relationships. He quickly flies into rages and reports feeling empty or sad often. He also has a history of suicide attempts and engaging in risky behaviors. T. might have which disorder?
Borderline Personality Disorder
List at least one intervention for Autism Spectrum Disorder?
Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA)
iPads (used for communication)
PECs (Picture Exchange Communications)
Used to help children with ASD communicate with pictures
Sign language
Medications: ADHD medications (i.e. stimulants) and blood pressure medications
D. is a 43-year-old female who recently separated from her wife, is struggling with symptoms of depression such as excessive guilt, insomnia, and low energy. However, D. has been through periods of experiencing high moods including symptoms such as rapid speech, high energy, lack of need for sleep, and engaging in reckless behavior such as excessive spending. D. may have which mood disorder?
Bipolar disorder because of the manic states (rapid speech, high energy, lack of need for sleep, and reckless behavior).
What is one difference between anorexia and bulimia?
People with bulimia may have normal weight and engage in binge-eating/purging at least once a week for three months
What is most likely a cause of paraphilias?
Classical Conditioning
List a treatment for schizophrenia?
○Social skills training
○Token economy
Antipsychotics
○Reinforcement for appropriate behaviors in hope to extinguish socially inappropriate behaviors
○Family therapy and interventions
Alzheimer’s disease is a neurological disorder that can cause feelings of depression, anxiety, confusion, memory loss, and executive functioning loss
What are some possible causes of Bipolar disorder and depression?
genetics, biological factors (smaller amygdalas and hippocampi), cognitive distortions (depression), serotonin levels, socioeconomic status, stress, trauma
What is narcolepsy?
narcolepsy is a condition, which people and animals experience sudden attacks of sleep, which causes impaired functioning
Which paraphilic disorder involves enjoying watching unsuspecting people who are naked and/or engaging in sexual activity?
Voyeurism
What are the negative, positive, and cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia?
Negative symptoms: difficulty with self-care, flat affect, slow rigid movements
Positive symptoms: hallucinations and delusions
Cognitive symptoms: trouble concentrating and memory problems
X. experienced a stroke and lost the ability to produce coherent speech. When you ask X. a question such as "where are the keys?," X. will give a seemingly random response such as "I am going to the store today." X. might have ___________aphasia.
Wernicke's aphasia