Conditioning
A conscious association between behaviors and their consequences would be this
What is operant conditioning?
When reinforcement is given after an action has been completed a varying amount of times
What is variable ratio?
Whereas Ivan Pavlov trained his dogs to salivate to a bell, we in class used this example
What is asking a dog "Do you wanna go on a walk"?
This theory proposes that humans are innately driven to advance intellectually
What is the Stage Theory of Cognitive Development?
Knowing that a quantity doesn't change if it's been altered (by being stretched, cut, elongated, spread out, shrunk, poured, etc) shows knowledge of this.
What is conservation?
Before Pavlov introduced the bell into the conditioning process, the bell was this
What is a neutral stimulus?
Frances got a high five for doing something awesome, and because of this he wants to keep being awesome. The high five is an example of this
What is positive reinforcement?
If you got sick at a restaurant, and the thought of eating there made you nauseous, you might have developed this
What is a Conditioned Taste Aversion?
This is how long during prenatal development the Fetal Stage lasts
What is 9 weeks to birth?
This attachment style is evidenced by a child being happy when a missing parent returns to them.
What is secure attachment?
A learned condition to a stimuli, like how you learned to stay away from someone who is crabby
What is conditioned response?
Taking an antacid before a spicy meal is a behavior you would be maintained by this
What is negative reinforcement?
This is the goal of Exposure Therapy
What is Extinction of conditioned fear?
During this stage of prenatal development, structures and organs like the neural tube (which later becomes the brain and spinal cord), head, eyes, mouth and limbs form.
What is the embryonic stage?
When you hide a nickle in your pocket, an infant may think it no longer exists due a lack of this.
What is object permanence?
This was discovered when Ivan Pavlov recognized that organisms associate two unrelated stimuli when paired repeatedly
What is classical conditioning?
If your parents keep adding chores to your list because you refuse to do them, they are utilizing this
What is positive punishment?
Systematic Desensitization relies on creating this to countercondition a previously conditioned stimulus
What is an incompatible emotional response?
This prenatal development includes implantation and the establishment of the fetal circulatory system.
What is the germinal stage?
If a child shows they an inability to take another person's perspective, they still have this trait
What is egocentrism?
If seeing horror movies makes me shriek reflexively, horror movies can best be described as this
What is an unconditioned stimulus?
If you came home after curfew so your parents took away your car keys, they are attempting to use this
What is negative punishment?
Counterconditioning can be use to help with these situations when working with animals
What are socialization & novelty?
These two substances are common examples of teratogens.
What are alchohol and caffeine?
Erik Erikson's Theory that proposed that we experience predictable life challenges
What is the Theory of Psychosocial Development?