Lifespan & Theories of Development
This approach says people develop from birth all the way through old age.
What is the lifespan approach?
This is the average number of years a person can expect to live.
What is life expectancy?
All of a person’s genetic material is called this.
What is genotype?
Growth that starts at the head and works downward follows this pattern.
What is the cephalocaudal pattern?
Self-conscious emotions.
This term means development involves both growth and decline across life.
What is multidirectional development?
Losing eyesight after a car accident is an example of this type of life event.
What is a nonnormative life event?
Observable traits like blond hair, freckles, and green eyes are called this.
What is phenotype?
When infants control their trunk before their fingers, this pattern of growth is occurring.
What is the proximodistal pattern?
In the Strange Situation, a child who uses their caregiver as a safe base is classified as this.
What is securely attached?
This refers to the capacity for change across the lifespan.
What is plasticity?
The start of puberty is an example of this type of influence.
What is a normative age-graded influence?
This process occurs when atoms attach to a gene’s exterior, influencing whether it responds to signals.
What is methylation?
The speeding up of neural communication due to insulation of the axon is called this.
What is myelination?
In the Strange Situation, a toddler shows little reaction when the caregiver leaves and does not seek comfort when they return. What attachment style is this?
What is insecure-avoidant attachment?
According to Erikson, this psychosocial stage establishes a belief that the world is safe and dependable.
What is trust vs. mistrust?
Studying women’s roles in Japan and the United States would be this type of study.
What is a cross-cultural study?
This fertility procedure combines eggs and sperm in a laboratory dish.
What is in vitro fertilization?
The brain has two hemispheres, and each hemisphere contains these four divisions.
What are the frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes?
A baby has predictable routines, adapts easily to new caregivers, and adjusts quickly to schedule changes. According to Chess and Thomas, what temperament is this?
What is an easy temperament?
This theory focuses on how behaviors evolved over generations to promote survival and reproduction.
What is evolutionary psychology?
This system in Bronfenbrenner’s theory includes family, peers, school, and neighborhood.
What is the microsystem?
In this type of cell division, two new cells are formed, each with 23 pairs of chromosomes.
What is mitosis?
Language in the left hemisphere and spatial skills in the right is known as this.
What is lateralization?
In Erikson’s theory, which psychosocial stage centers on toddlers learning independence while avoiding feelings of doubt about their abilities?
What is autonomy vs. shame and doubt?