Personality
What are the Big 5 personality traits?
Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism
Differences between shared vs. nonshared environment?
shared = evironmental influences siblings share; non-shared = unique experiences
What is an attitude?
An evaluation of a person, object, or idea
Difference between structural vs. Functional imaging
Structural = anatomy; Functional = activity
What is the mere exposure effect?
Repeated exposure increases liking
When are friends more accurate than self-reports in judging personality?
When behaviors are observable and evaluators know the person well
What does the "g" in g-factor stand for
General intelligence
What is the difference between a personal (dispositional) attribution and a situational attribution?
Personal = traits cause behavior; situational = context causes behavior
What is the brain region for self-processing?
Medial prefrontal cortex
What is Prosocial behavior?
Actions intended to help others
What have twin studies shown about the heritability of personality?
What important life outcomes are reliably associated with intelligence?
Higher academic achievement, job performance, and health outcomes
What is cognitive dissonance?
Discomfort from inconistences; beliefs strengthen when commitment is high
Region for face processing and the disorder that is described by having "face blindness"
FFA (Fusiform Face Area) and prosopagnosia = face blindness
What is Deindividuation and an experiment that realtes to this topic?
Loss of self-awareness in groups, stanford prison exeriment
According to freud what are ther oles of the Id, Ego, and Superego
Id=instincts, ego=reality, superego=morality
What is the difference between fluid and crystallized intelligence?
fluid=problem-solving crystalized=knowledge
What factors increased or decreased obedience in Milgram's experiments?
What brain region is involved in emotional processing?
(especially fear) The amygdala
What are implicit associations?
Automatic associations that influence judgments unconsciously
What does the lexical hypothesis propose about how personality traits are identified?
Important personality traits appear in language because peope talk about important traits
What is the Flynn effect?
intelligence scores have risen over generations
What did Asch's conformity studies find?
People often conform to conform to group judgments even when incorrect
What is theory-of-mind and what brain region does it correlate to
understadning others minds; TPJ (Temporoparietal junction)
What are some misconceptions about dopamine?
Not "pleasure" chemical; actually involved in motivation. leaning, reward prediction, movement