First Days/Gen Psych
What is the Scientific Attitude comprised of?
Curiosity, skepticism, and humility.
Why was this study carried through with?
To contribute to the debate of nature/nurture.
What did Harry Harlow's experiment with monkeys find?
Monkeys chose cloth mothers over wire mothers.
True or False: Learning is a permanent change in behavior.
Yes, due to their experiences that influence it.
Incorporating misleading information into one's memory of an event is called the _ effect.
Misinformation.
1) Criticism leads to contempt
2) Contempt leads to cruelty
3) Cruelty leads to brutality
4) Brutality leads to killing
5) Killing leads to systematic killing
How many children were apart of the study?
Unknown. 1 set of triplets, 8-ish sets of twins.
Do humans rely on attachment figures? If so, which?
Yes; typically biological mothers.
How do you define acquisition, and how does it relate to classical conditioning?
Aquisition is the initial learning association between a neutral stimulus and an unconditioned one. In classical conditioning, the neutral stimulus comes before the unconditioned stimulus.
True or False: Improper interviewing has a lasting effect on children's accuracy.
True.
What is the "foot-in-the-door-technique"?
The tendency for people who have first agreed to a small request to comply later with a larger request.
Was this study ethical?
No.
What are the 3 patterns of attachment observed in the Ainsworth & Bell Study and their percentages?
Secure (60%), avoidant (25%), and anxious (15%).
The tendency to respond to stimuli rather than to the conditioned stimulus is called...
Stimulus generalization.
What is the role of the hippocampus?
A neural center in the limbic system that processes explicit memories.
What were the three compliant (assertive) strategies that actively proposed discontinuation in the Milgram Study?
1) Speaking to the person being shocked
2) Prompting the authority figure with a remedy
3) Unwillingness to continue
What does parenting influence?
Attitudes, values, manners, beliefs, faith, and politics.
True or False: Recognition memory declines with age.
False.
Give an example of operant conditioning.
A type of example might be one that operates on the environment, producing rewarding or punishing stimuli.
List a few examples of how to improve your memory.
1) Recall events while they are fresh.
2) Sleep after learning new material.
3) Test your own knowledge.
What were the three defiant (weaker) strategies that postponed continuation in the Milgram Study?
1) Remaining silent, or hesitant
2) Groaning or sighing (a sign of not wanting to continue with the effort)
3) Laughing/swearing
What are some of the similarities between twins separated at birth?
Personality, intelligence, abilities, attitudes, interests, fears, brain waves, and heart rate.
What is meant by fluid and crystallized intelligence?
Fluid intelligence refers to the ability to reason speedily, whereas crystallized intelligence refers to our accumulated knowledge and skills.
What did the Little Albert experiment show?
The baby was conditioned to respond with fear to a previously neutral stimulus.
A new memory that exists for a limited time that can become a long-lasting memory through the process of stabilization known as...
Consolidation.