Chapter 14: Health
Field in psychology that focuses on relationship between mind and body.
What is a health psychology?
The generalization or belief that people in a group are all similar without considering variation within the group
What is a stereotype?
This theory of abnormality posits that psychological disorders are caused by organic, internal causes— primarily being the brain, neurotransmitter functioning, and genetic factors.
What is the biological theory (of abnormality)?
This specialized branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of mental disorders.
What is psychiatry?
The interdisciplinary field that studies the interactions between psychological factors, the nervous system, and immune system
What is psychoneuroimmunology
The decrease in likelihood that one person will help another person caused by the presence of others also available to help
What is the bystander effect?
This "disorder" involves recurrent, sudden onsets of intense apprehension or terror, often without warning and with no specific cause.
What is panic disorder?
This approach to psychotherapy focuses on making the unconscious conscious as well as resolving tension from past conflicts.
What is psychodynamic (or psychoanalytic) therapy?
This personality type is more at risk for cardiovascular disease due to their patterns of hostility.
What is type A personality?
The discomfort caused by having an attitude/thought that contradicts another attitude/thought or behavior.
What is cognitive dissonance?
This "disorder" is characterized by extreme mood swings that include mania (overexcited, unrealistically optimistic state) as well as extreme lows.
What is bipolar disorder?
Someone with a different cultural background than their therapist wants their therapist to have a high level of this -- which makes the therapist aware of and sensitive to cultural issues during therapy.
What is cross-cultural competence?
When individuals assess whether a potential stressor involves harm or loss, a threat of some future danger, a challenge to overcome, or irrelevant
What is primary appraisal?
This is the tendency to explain other people's behavior using internal attributions such as traits without giving much consideration to external causes of behavior.
What is the fundamental attribution error?
This contains and describes the major classifications of psychological disorders in the U.S.
What is the DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders)?
A behavior therapist would use this technique to help a client overcome anxiety by learning to associate deep relaxation with increasingly intense anxiety-provoking situations.
What is systematic desensitization?
The stages of the general adaptation syndrome (in order).
What are alarm, resistance and exhaustion?
This is the view that people are motivated to discover the underlying causes of behavior (their own and others') in order to make sense of the behavior.
What is attribution theory?
These three criterion are used to identify "psychological disorders."
What is deviant, maladaptive and personally distressful?
In this approach to therapy, the therapist uses a combination of techniques from different therapies based on their judgment of which method(s) will provide the greatest benefit for the client. In other words, the therapist considers the person as a whole, and not just their disorder when determining how to work with them.
What is integrative therapy?