memory
Multiple choice exam is an example of what kind of memory test
Recognition (the answer is there you just have to find correct one)
Taking a phone number and splitting it up to remember in three groups of numbers instead of 9 digits.
This is an example of?
Chunking
Drugs, alcohol, and viral infections are all examples of this term that harms the embryo or fetus
Teratogens
nursing and cuddling releases which chemical?
Oxytocin
an infant not being excited about a toy that they have had for awhile
habituation
Joe learned Jim's phone number, after a few months he forgot it. When he went to relearn it it took him less time than it did when he was first memorizing it. Why is that and what concept is applied here?
It is the savings effect (Herman Ebbinghaus). It takes us less time to learn something the second time around because it takes less cognitive resources to relearn something.
Tracy thinks she very clearly remembers where she was and what she was doing when 9/11 occurred. Is it possible for her to have a perfect representation of this? Why or why not?
No, this is an example of a flashbulb memory which means it gets extremely distorted due to the high degree of emotion that the event caused.
why might giving a child new toys help decrease anxiety behaviors
Growth Factor II - environmental factors can change GFII so giving a child a toy raises the levels which lowers the anxiety levels
Katie's parents tell Katie she has a curfew but they are willing to change it based on her age and maturity. Mary's parents tell her her curfew is 10pm with absolutely zero exceptions regardless of age and maturity. Jane's parents have set no curfew and do not care when she comes home. What type of parenting styles are each of these?
Authoritative, Authoritarian and permissive
Chloe was reading and after a little while realized someone was trying to get her attention. What is this?
Attentional blink
The primacy effect is the idea that people recall the first part of a list better than the middle part. Why is this?
This is because the first words get 100% of your attention and you are able to rehearse them more the sooner that you here them. This way the first words make it into long-term but the words in the middle do not.
This is an example of priming - when an earlier stimulus influences the response to a later stimulus
What does the evidence that children can learn from observation show? I.e watching one child crawl helps another child crawl...why?
It shows that our mirror neurons pre-wire us to innately learn
A 2 month year old baby's mother is trying to show her a painting, why might this not make sense for the mother to do in terms of psych reasoning and why is this the case?
Because the visual acuity of a 2 month old is very bad and she can probably not see the painting very will. cones are short and wide when born but eventually grow to be long and thinner to pack the fovea
You know how to drive and have your license but when you try to drive a different type of car it doesn't come naturally and you have to learn to drive that car. What is concept does this describe?
Assimilation - trying to put a new object into an old schema
What is the difference between short-term memory and working memory?
Short-term memory is the processing of sensory memory and it is passive while also determining whether to store it or not. Working memory is conscious and requires your attention, it allows you to manipulate and accomplish tasks. Example: reading the words in a book (short term) vs. understanding what the words are saying. Or hearing a list of numbers vs. adding the list of numbers together.
Lucy studied for her exam in her dorm room on her while her roommate played really loud music. When she got to her silent test session, she had more trouble recalling information than Lily who studied in a quiet environment. Why might this be?
This could be due to encoding specificity which is when your condition at recall is the same as your condition at encoding, performance + recall will be improved
A child's mother left them in a room alone and the child did not care. When the mom returned to the room the child continued to ignore and did not display any emotion, what kind of attachment is this?
Avoidant attachment
When does Erikson think that a healthy personality may finish developing?
End of life
You grew up with a family full of dentists and they all told you when you grow up you also have to be a dentist but you don't submit to this idea and rather just say you are flexible to do whatever. What kind of identity achievement is this?
identity diffusion - you do not know who you are and so you do not commit to anything
1. Procedural- implicit memory for motor tasks that have a physical procedural aspect
2. Retrograde Amnesia - unable to remember episodic memories from the past
3. Semantic - concepts and factual knowledge
John met someone named Lily at a party and then got distracted and later met someone named Lucy. When he say Lily again he wanted to say Hi Lily but he could only remembers Lucy's name even though he knows that's not right. What is this due to?
Retroactive interference - new information interferes with your ability to recall older information
Why did the ducklings in the study we saw in class follow their farmer owner as opposed to their biological duckling mother?
This is because of imprinting. Babies imprint on whatever is in their sight when they are born because it is a way for them to learn by following someone they know
A child who successfully completes a class project receives praise for it receives what trait from what emotional development stage
Industry, Industry vs. inferiority
Not cheating on a test because it is against the rules is an example of what moral code?
conventional morality