Chapter 1:Science
A testable statement
What is a hypothesis?
The lobe responsible for processing visual information
What is the occipital lobe?
The generalization or belief that people in a group are all similar without considering variation within the group
What is a stereotype?
This theory of abnormality posits that psychological disorders are caused by organic, internal causes— primarily being the brain, neurotransmitter functioning, and genetic factors.
What is the biological theory (of abnormality)?
This specialized branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of mental disorders.
What is psychiatry?
The psychological approach that emphasizes the study of observable behavior and their environmental determinants
What is behaviorism
What is the temporal lobe?
The decrease in likelihood that one person will help another person caused by the presence of others also available to help
What is the bystander effect?
This "disorder" involves recurrent, sudden onsets of intense apprehension or terror, often without warning and with no specific cause.
What is panic disorder?
This approach to psychotherapy focuses on making the unconscious conscious as well as resolving tension from past conflicts.
What is psychodynamic (or psychoanalytic) therapy?
He founded the first psychology lab is considered the founder of psychology.
Who is Wundt?
This division of the peripheral nervous system controls self regulated actions of organs and glands.
What is the autonomic nervous system?
The discomfort caused by having an attitude/thought that contradicts another attitude/thought or behavior.
What is cognitive dissonance?
This "disorder" is characterized by extreme mood swings that include mania (overexcited, unrealistically optimistic state) as well as extreme lows.
What is bipolar disorder?
Someone with a different cultural background than their therapist wants their therapist to have a high level of this -- which makes the therapist aware of and sensitive to cultural issues during therapy.
What is cross-cultural competence?
This is the type of research used to determine if one variable causes changes in another variable (I.e., causality).
What is experimental research?
This is a loosely connected network of structures under the cerebral cortex and is important in memory, emotion and motivation.
What is the limbic system?
This is the tendency to explain other people's behavior using internal attributions such as traits without giving much consideration to external causes of behavior.
What is the fundamental attribution error?
This contains and describes the major classifications of psychological disorders in the U.S.
What is the DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders)?
A behavior therapist would use this technique to help a client overcome anxiety by learning to associate deep relaxation with increasingly intense anxiety-provoking situations.
What is systematic desensitization?
This variable is manipulated in an experiment. For instance, in studying whether meditation causes you to be happier, "meditation" would be considered this variable.
What is the independent variable?
This is a region in the cerebral cortex just behind the frontal lobe that processes information about voluntary movement.
What is the motor cortex?
This is the view that people are motivated to discover the underlying causes of behavior (their own and others') in order to make sense of the behavior.
What is attribution theory?
These three criterion are used to identify "psychological disorders."
What is deviant, maladaptive and personally distressful?
In this approach to therapy, the therapist uses a combination of techniques from different therapies based on their judgment of which method(s) will provide the greatest benefit for the client. In other words, the therapist considers the person as a whole, and not just their disorder when determining how to work with them.
What is integrative therapy?