Chapter 1:Science
A testable statement
What is a hypothesis?
The lobe responsible for processing visual information
What is the occipital lobe?
The generalization or belief that people in a group are all similar without considering variation within the group
What is a stereotype?
This theory of abnormality posits that psychological disorders are caused by organic, internal causes— primarily being the brain, neurotransmitter functioning, and genetic factors.
What is the biological theory (of abnormality)?
This specialized branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of mental disorders.
What is psychiatry?
The psychological approach that emphasizes the study of observable behavior and their environmental determinants
What is behaviorism
This lobe is associated with hearing and speech production as well as language processing.
What is the temporal lobe?
A person’s thoughts about other people and the social world.
What is social cognition?
This form of neurodiversity involves recurrent, sudden onsets of intense apprehension or terror, often without warning and with no specific cause.
What is panic disorder?
This approach to psychotherapy focuses on making the unconscious conscious as well as resolving tension from past conflicts.
What is psychodynamic (or psychoanalytic) therapy?
He is considered the founder of psychology.
Who is Wundt?
This division of the peripheral nervous system controls self regulated actions of organs and glands.
What is the autonomic nervous system?
The discomfort caused by having an attitude/thought that contradicts another attitude/thought or behavior.
What is cognitive dissonance?
This form of neurodiversity is characterized by extreme mood swings that include mania (overexcited, unrealistically optimistic state) as well as extreme lows.
What is bipolar disorder?
In this approach to therapy, the therapist uses a combination of techniques from different therapies based on their judgment of which method(s) will provide the greatest benefit for the client.
What is integrative therapy?
This is the type of research used to determine if one variable causes changes in another variable (I.e., causality).
What is experimental research?
The route of the action potential in a nerve cell.
What is dendrite, cell body, axon?
This explains why girls tend to perform lower on math tests when taking the test in a room of boys than in less threatening situations such as a room with mostly girls.
What is stereotype threat?
This book contains information such as
- definitions of mental disorders (according the the American Psychiatric Association)
- criteria for diagnosis
- how common the disorder is
- How the disorder may appear differently across cultures
What is the DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders)
A behavior therapist would use this technique to help a client overcome anxiety by learning to associated deep relaxation with increasingly intense anxiety-provoking situations.
What is systematic desensitization?
This variable is manipulated in an experiment. For instance, in studying whether meditation causes you to be happier, "meditation" would be considered this variable.
What is the independent variable?
This egg-shaped structure, located near the center of the brain, is our main sensory processing center. That is, it directs the information it receives from our eyes, ears, mouth and skin to appropriate region of brain for processing
What is the thalamus?
The decrease in likelihood that one person will help another person caused by the presence of others also available to help
What is the bystander effect?
This is one criterion used to identify "psychological disorders." This criterion involves identifying behaviors which are highly unusual such as washing your hands hundreds of times a day.
What is deviant?
Someone with a different cultural background than their therapist wants their therapist to have a high level of this -- which makes the therapist aware of and sensitive to cultural issues during therapy.
What is cross-cultural competence?