Classical Conditioning
What is Classical Conditioning?
when a stimulus gains the power to cause an involuntary response (sweating, drooling, heart racing, nausea, flinching, etc.)
What is Operant Conditioning?
using reinforcements or punishments to change voluntary behavior; behavior is shaped by consequences
What is Social Learning Theory?
learning by observing and imitating others
What is Law of Effect?
Rewards work better than punishments
What is Acquisition?
developing a learned response
What is Unconditioned Stimulus?
stimulus that naturally gets a response
What is Positive Reinforcement?
adding something you do like to increase behavior
What is Vicarious Learning?
Learning new behaviors by watching the consequences of the behaviors of others
What is Fixed Ratio?
a consequence occurs after a specified amounts of tasks are completed
What is Spontaneous Recovery?
the reappearance after a rest period, of an extinguished conditioned response. After a period of time if the conditioned stimulus is presented, the conditioned response returns.
What is Unconditioned Response?
naturally occurring response to the unconditioned stimulus
What is Negative Reinforcement?
taking away something you do not like to increase behavior
What is Latent Learning?
“hidden” learning without reinforcement that is not shown until there is a reason to show it
What is Variable ratio?
a consequence occurs after an unknown amount of tasks completed
What is Stimulus Discrimination?
responding to only a specific stimulus
What is Conditioned Stimulus?
this is paired with the unconditioned stimulus to get a response. This is what you are using to trigger or teach a specific response.
What is Positive Punishment?
adding something you do not like to decrease behavior
What is Modeling?
intentionally demonstrating a behavior to be imitated
What is Fixed Interval?
a consequence occurs after a specified amount of time
What is Counterconditioning?
trying to undo a negative response to a stimulus by changing the association
What is Conditioned Response?
the learned response to the conditioned stimulus without the unconditioned stimulus
What is Negative Punishment?
takes away something you like to decrease behavior
What is Cognitive Map?
mental representation of a physical location
What is Variable Interval?
a consequence occurs after an unknown amount of time
What is Biological Preparedness?
innate (born with), evolutionary conditioning to help survival (more people have an innate fear of spiders or snakes rather than of flowers or spoons)